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: ((INSUFFICIENCY OF MATERIALS (Students declared that the resources had…

- - - - Learners attempt to build meaningful connections between words and pictures and that they learn more deeply than they could have with words or pictures alone (Mayer, 2009).
  - - - 1) Cognitive Strategies
      - 2) Socio-affective Strategies
  - - - A — Analyze learners
        S — State standards & objectives
        S — Select strategies, technology, media & materials
        U — Utilize technology, media & materials
        R — Require learner participation
        E — Evaluate & revise
  - - - The words can be spoken or written.
        The pictures can be in the form of illustration, animation, photos or video.
      - Multimedia learning occurs when we build mental representations from these words and pictures (Mayer, 2005b)