Effect of water absorption
on pollen adhesion(intro)

"Pollen particles possess a range of unique ornamentations with various morphologies and feature sizes . "

distribution over large area

disperse in air

entangle with animals' hairs

"Therefore, their surface properties and sensitivities to humidity are of interest due to their potential role in climate and weather. "

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health of pollinators

human environmental health

ice and water formation in the atmosphere

"consider that the maintenance of healthy bee communities,which has a complex interdependent relationship with pollination ecology, is of current worldwide concern."

"proteins carried on pollens contribute to asthma and allergies in humans"

"the pollen grain's adhesive capabilities are significant factors in pollen environmental distribution"

"pollen grains are known to be carried into the atmosphere where they can absorb organic pollutants, age under UV exposure, and act as nucleation sites for water consideration or ice formation."

plant reproduction

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Engineering application

"Due to their unique geometrical features that enable fine-tuning of adhesion, pollens have been recently explored as a bio-template for the synthesis of biomimetic functional materials in a variety of applications."

adhesive

paints and pigments

drug delicery

porous media or sensors

absorbents

filteration

Aim:"Despite the wide range of fields influenced by pollen properties, there still is a lack of quantitative adhesion and release characteristics."

"In particular, one of the compelling unresolved question is the role of the liquid pollenkitt coating in carrying water and mediating the sensitivity of pollen adhesion to the effects of humidity."

catalyst supports