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The three states of Matter (Solids) (:red_flag:Kinetic Theory of Solids:, …
The three states of Matter (Solids)
particles occupy Fixed Position, and substance have definite shape.
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Kinetic Theory of Solids:
1 - Particles are closely packed due to strong attractive forces
2 - molecules are unable to move freely (due to little space between them).
3 - Have definite shape, because particles are arranged in a fixed pattern.
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Behavior of Solids
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Diffusibility:
Diffusion is also found in solids
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Compressibility:
not easy to compress
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Sublimation:
is a process in which
Solids convert into vapor
, directly without passing through liquids.
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Classification of Solids:
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Amorphous:
no orderly arrangement of individual particles in a crystal
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Types of Crystals :
1 - Atomic Crystals
2 - Ionic Crystals
3 - Covalent Crystals
4 - Molecular Crystals.
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Crystalline Solids:
have regular internal arrangement of atoms in a crystal.
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Polymorphism:
when a substance can exists in
two or more crystalline forms
in a same state.
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Melting Point:
temperature at which there is quilibirum b/w solid and liquid phases. :green_cross:
(sharp melting point is a purity check of solids).
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Heat of Fusion:
energy required to melt 1GM of solid at its melting point.
Monotropy
occurs when only one allotrope is energetically stable.
Dynamic allotropy
occurs when two allotropes can exist in equilibrium.
Transition Temperature
at which two energetically stable allotropes convert into one another.
Lattice Energy
energy released when ions of opposite charge are brought together from infinity to form one mole of given crystal.