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Connections (Damage (V1 (Damage to the upper lip of the calcarine sulcus…

- - - - blindness in the lower contralateral field of view
    - - homonymous hemianopia
        
        can only see with the right or left side of both eye
  - - - can only see with the right or left side of both eye
  - - - The extent of a scotoma is determined when patient is tested by the use of light.
- - - - little spontaneous activity and never seems to response
        to illumination covering the whole screen
      - best stimulus for such
        cell is a dark of light bar or line flashed in the appropriate location and orientation
        
        orientation specificity
      - Hubel and Wiese
        
        elongated central
        region that is oriented at a particular angle
        
        biggest response for a vertical line for some specific cells
    - - larger receptive fields and respond best to stimuli that are in a specific orientation as well
      - don’t have excitatory or inhibitory components
      - hyperculum V1
        
        orientation specificity shifts by about 10o per
        column
        
        Every row of cells reacts to a certain orientation of lines (0-180degrees)
        
        information---> prestriate cortex/
        extrastriate cortex
        
        V2 (information about color)
        
        V3 -->a visual map which has a point-to-point correspondence map of the visual field
        
        info-->magno-like pathway and parvo-like pathway
        
        V4 --->deficits lead to cerebral achromatopsia
        
        V5 leads you to see motion
    - - location
        
        layer dependant function, but same spot on the retina
      - orientation
        
        one column, one orientation
      - ocular dominance
        
        columns have an eye dominance
- - - - superior colliculi--> which has a majority of m-cells
        
        anterior (front) portion is used for the central visual field
        
        posterior (back) portion is used for the periphery
        
        pulvinar and lateral
        posterior nuclei (near thalamus)
        
        V2 and forth
        
        cell types
        
        fixation cells--> fixation of eyes
        
        burst cells -->active when eyes move
        
        buildup cells -->movement anticipation
- - - - primary visual (occipital lobe)
      - superior colliculus- controling eye movements 10% fiber from optic nerve