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🇬🇧 BRITISH HISTORY 🇬🇧 (THE ORIGINS -until 11th century - (In the 1st…
🇬🇧 BRITISH HISTORY 🇬🇧
THE ORIGINS
-until 11th century -
The first inhabitants of Great Britain were
Celts
In the 1st Century A.D The
Romans
invaded Britain
Romans
built many towns, streets
In 450 A.D the
Anglo-Saxons
invaded Britain
The
Anglo-Saxon
give the name to England
From the 8th Century the
Vikings
from Denmark and Norway began to conquer Britain
THE MIDDLE AGES
-11th - 15th -
The Battle of Hastings (1066) -
William of Normandy
(the conqueror) defeated the Anglo-Saxons and became king,
William I
The Normans established the
Feudal System
, a hierarchical and rigid system
King
barons- lord- knights
middle class - merchants
One of the most important documents was a MAGNA CHARTA (1215), the first step towards
Democracy
. because it limits the power of the king.
THE TUDORS
-15th - 16th C -
1455 - 1485
"The Wars of the Roses"
A series of dynasties civil wars fought between the house of Lancaster and the house of York.
Henry Tuodor dynasty begins
Henry VIII
-he is famous for -
6 wives
The breach with Rome and the Catholic Church
He established
The church of England
(1534) with
the act of Supremacy
Elizabeth I
-she is the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn -
England became very powerful
THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION
-17th - 19th Century -
A civil war between the parliamentarians and the royalists (1642 - 1649)
The king was defeated by
Oliver Cromwell
, the leader of parliamentarians
England became a
republic
(1649 to 1660)
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
-17th - 19th Century -
from manual work to manufacturing,
industry and machinery
Britain changed from an agricultural society into an industrial society
many new ideas and
inventions
steam engine
spinning Jenny
train
but unemployment , poverty and terrible working conditions
THE VICTORIAN AGE AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE
-19th Century -
Qeen Victoria
's reign lasted (1837- 1901)
great social economical and technological progress
She was the head of the
British Empire
the largest empire in history. It included Australia, Canada, Singapore, India and South Africa
After the 2nd World War most of territories became independent and later joined the
Commonwealth
A volountary of 53 countries that were part of the Empire and that promotes human right and democracy.
THE 20th CENTURY
The 1st World War (1914 - 1918)
Great Britain, France, Italy, The USA
Austria, Geramany, Bulgaria, Turkey
The 2nd World War ( 1939 - 1945)
France, Britain, The USA, the Soviet Union
Germany, Italy, Japan
1970s
-Crisis ( unemployment, many factories closed down) -
Margaret Thatcher
became prime Minister and reversed the UK's economic decline
Now:
1997:Tony Blaire (Labour Party)
2010: David Cameron ( Conservative Party)
2007: Gordon Brown (Labour Party)
2016:Theresa May (Conservative Party)
