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BIOLOGY (COMPONENTS OF A PRAC REPORT (INTRO (EXPLANATION/REASON FOR THE…

- - - - ARISTOTLE DIVIDED ORGANISMS INTO PLANTS AND ANIMALS
      - SUB-DIVIDED THEM BY HABITAT: LAND, SEA AND AIR DWELLERS
      - ARISTOTLE WAS THE FIRST TAXONOMIST 2000 YEARS AGO
      - JOHN RAY WAS THE FIRST TO USE LATIN FOR NAMING
      - JOHN RAY WAS A BOTONIST
  - - - FAMILY
      - FAMILY
      - ORDER
      - GENUS
      - PHYLUM
      - SPECIES
      - KINGDOM
      - DOMAIN
- - - - 1.A) WINGS COVERED BY AN EXOSKELETON- GOT TO STEP 2
        B) WINGS FREELY OBSERVED- GO TO STEP 3
        2.A) BODY HAS A ROUND SHAPE- LADYBUG
        B) BODY HAS AN ELONGATED SHAPE- GRASSHOPPER
  - - - EG. FLOWERS CHANGE WITH THE SEASONS
- - - - THE BRANCHING POINTS REPRESENT THEIR COMMON ANCESTORS
    - - CHARACTERS MAY BE MORPHOLOGICAL OR MOLECULAR
      - CHARACTER SIMILARITY RESULTING FROM SHARED ANCESTRY IS CALLED HOMOLOGY
    - - CLADISTICS IS A METHOD OF CLASSIFYING ORGANISMS BASED ON THE CHARACTERISTICS THEY SHARE
      - CLADOGRAMS A DIAGRAM CONSTRUCTED USING CLADISTICS THAT SHOW THE EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ORGANISMS
      - WITHIN A TREE A CLADE IS DEFINED AS A GROUP THAT INCLUDES AN ANCESTRAL SPECIES AND ALL OF ITS DESCENDANTS
      - CLADOGRAMS ARE LARGELY CONSTRUCTED USING SHARED DERIVED CHARACTERS
        
        E.G. FOR BIRDS POSSESSION OF FEATHERS IS A SHARED DERIVED CHARACTER AND FOR ARTHROPODS POSSESSION OF A JOINTED LIMB AND AN EXOSKELETON ARE.
      - BOTH SHOW RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DIFFERENT ORGANISMS
- - - - SYSTEM ENDURES THAT EVERY KNOWN ORGANISM CAN BE DISTINGUISHED FROM ANOTHER ORGANISM
      - FORMAL SYSTEM TO NAME ORGANISMS
      - BINOMAL NOMENCLATURE ALWAYS USES 2 NAMES
        
        GENUS+SPECIES=SCIENTIFIC NAME
        
        EG. HUMAN= Homo saipan