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Neurodevelopmental techniques (I. Muscle Education and Braces (Phelps…
Neurodevelopmental techniques
I. Muscle Education and Braces
Phelps Method
Massage
Combined motion
Confused/synergistic motion
Relaxation technuques
Conditioned motion
Movement from relaxation
Resisted motion
Rest
Active motion
Reciprocation
Crawling
knee walking
Lying
stepping
Active-assisted motion
Balance
Passive Movement
Reach, grasp, release
Skills
Braces and calipers
Muscle education
Others
Pohl
Plum
Deaver
Tardieu
II. Progressive Pattern Movments
Temple Fay
Progressive movement patterns stage
I: Head and trunk rotation form side to side
II: Homolateral stage
III: Contralateral stage
IV: On hands and knees
V: Walking Pattern
Motions
Primate erect walking
Mammalian reciprocal motion (all forus)
Amphibian creeping
Reptilian Squirming
Doman-Delecato System
III. Synergistic movement patterns
Signe Brunnstrom
Control of head and trunk
Associated reactions
Reflex Responses
IV. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
Main features
Sensory Stimuli
Resistance
Movement patterns/ Mass movement patterns
External rotation or internal rotation
Abduction or Adduction
Flexion or extension
Special Techniques
Irradiation
Rhythmic Stabilization
Stimulation of Reflexes
Reversals
Relaxation Techniques
Functional work/ mat work
V. Neuromotor Development
Eirene Collis
Strict developmental Sequence
Management
VI: Neurodevelopmental treatment with reflex inhibition and facilitation
Karl & Martha Bobath
Tonic reflexes
Tonic labyrinthine
Symmetrical tonic neck
Assymetrical tonic neck
Main features:
Reflex Inhibitory Patterns
Sensory Motor Experience
VII:Sensory stimulation for activation and inhibition
Muscles are classified
Light work muscle action
Heavy work muscle action
Reflexes
Afferent Stimuli
Ontogenic Developmental Sequence
Total Flexion or withdrawal pattern
Roll over
Pivot prone
Co-contraction Neck
On elbows
All fours
Standing upright
Walking
VIII: Reflex creeping and other reflex reactions
Vaslav Vojta
Reflex creeping
Reflex rolling
Sensory Stimulation
Resistance
IX: Conductive Education
Andres Peto
Group of children
All day programme
A conductor acting as mother, nurse, teacher and therapist
The movements
Rhythmic Intention
Individual sessions
Learning principles are basic to the programme
X: Sensory Integration Method
Ayres
Level 1: Tactile and Visual Development
Vestibular
Visual Perception
Tactile perception
Level II: Body scheme development:
Body scheme
Body identification
Drawing of body parts
Right and Left discrimination
Gross motor Coordination
Throwing, catching and tossing
Crawling, jumping and climbing
Voluntary reach-grasp-release
Scribbling, coloring, cutting with scissors
Level III: Visuo-Spatial Development
Puzzle solving
Construction toys
Block Building
Fine motor skills
Vertical and horzontal lines
Level IV: Cognitive development
Alphabet concept
Story telling
Number concept
Reading
Memory, recalling, orientation of time days and weeks
Behavioral Modification Method
factors
behavior itself
Reinforcer
Ellicitor
To increase frequency of behavior
Modeling
Contracting
Positive reinforcement
Token reinforcement system
To decrease frequency of behavior
Extinction
Punishment
Reinforcement withdrawal method