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The Self :check: (The Humanist Theory (Criticisms (Unscientific (a) ideas…
The Self :check:
The Humanist Theory
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Self-concept: how we see ourselves, is affected by how others see us
Ideal self: who we would like to be (adults=psychological, children= physiological)
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Maslow's hierarchy of needs - 1) physiological :check: 2) safety :check: 3) love/belonging :check: 4) esteem :check: 5) self-actualisation :star:
Criticisms
Unscientific
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c) focuses too much on individual - point of psychology is to predict human behaviour (what's the point of studying if humans are 'unpredictable')
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Van Houtte and Jarvis
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Sample: 130 pupils aged 8-13 from Illinois, USA (71 boys, 59 girls)
IV: whether they owned a pet or not, DV: rating scales to measure self concept,esteem,autonomy and attachment to pet
Procedure: had informed consent, then matched in groups according to parents martial status, socio-economic background and no. of siblings, interviews held and asked to rate statements on rating scale between 1-4 and 1-7, e.g. 'I am happy'
Results: 1. higher self esteem in pet owners 2. 11 year old pet owners had most positive self concept 3. higher autonomy by pet owners
Conclusion: pets can help boost self concept and therefore self esteem (provides UPR for pet owners)
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Limitations
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Difficult to measure complex concepts using rating scales - less detail in answers makes it less valid