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2.05 The French Revolution (Work of New Regime (Work of New Reg. (National…
2.05 The French Revolution
Work of New Regime
Work of New Reg.
National Assembly became gov.
constitutional monarchy
revolutionaries wanted away with ancient regime
wanted new social order
Declaration of Rights
National Assembly
swept changes that dismantled feudal system in France
abolished old feudal taxes for peasants
August 26, 1789
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
Inspired by Deceleration of Independence
"men are born and remain free and equal in rights"
"liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression"
Women's March
King Louis
pretended to cooperate w/ assembly
stalling
People did not trust him
longer he refused to approve of assembly more people became suspicious
October 5, 1789
Large crowd of women gathered in Paris
Protested high price of bread
Marched to King's home in Versailles
Thousands of women joined
Men and women
armed w/ pitchforks, scythes, and muskets
forced Louis, Marie-Antoinette, and 4-y/o son to move to Pairs
People kept eye on royal family
New Constitution
National Assembly continued to work
Clergy, nobles, local lords would have no special taxes
Took all nobility titles away
More than half adult male pop able to vote
sold church properties to pay off some national debt
Jews and Protestants had religious tolerance
1791
constitution
limited monarchy (like England's)
King's power separate from elected legislature
Royalists loyal to king though it went too far
nobles didnt want to lose titles and privileges
Catholics disliked open antagonism express by revolutionaries
radicals thought it needed to go farther
wanted end to monarch and establish a republic
France Declares War
June night 1791
Royals disguised as peasants and tried to join Austria
failed
taken back to Paris
Provoked fear and anger
believed king made it and planned to lead an army back
nobles who fled were trying to convince foreign monarchs to come to the King's aid
emigres
radicals called for agressive action
April 1792 France Declared war on Austria
Prussia joined Austria's side
Events of 1789
Events of 1789
Louis XVI
Enjoyed luxuries
supported American Revo
Wanted to weaken Britain
Almost went bankrupt
Needed money
Bad Crops
Food prices up
Peasants used half daily wage for bread
King/Queen Enjoyed luxury
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National Assembly
Absolute Monarchy
King Louis XVI
Various political pressures
Kept from calling meeting of Estates-General
175 years
1789 Called meeting
Wanted money by making new taxes
Deputies rep. all three estates
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Poor hoped for life improvement
Middle class wanted political power
Met at Versailles
Storming Bastille and Start of Revo.
National Assembly
Continued to meet
King took no action
People were growing restless
Angry crowds blocked roads between Versailles and Paris
King ordered thousands of troops to Paris for showdown w/ Assembly
Rumors in City
Thought soldiers would come and slit their throats
Swarmed to Bastille
armory
Prison
Hated symbol of royal power
Crowd demanded surrender
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Countryside
unrest among peasants due to food shortage
Great Fear
rumors that foreign armies were invading
nobles conspiring to crush Thrid EState
Peasants attacked manor houses
Destroyed documents that listed peasants' financial obligations
Three Estates
Three Estates
Three Classes (estates)
Clergy
First Estate
Few taxes
Best jobs
Special treatment under law
30,000 people
Nobles
Second Estate
Best Jobs
Few Taxes
special treatment under law
400,000 people
"commoners"
Third Estate
Merchants
Peasants
city laborers
paid all taxes
No privileges
Crown
local lords
Catholic Church
26 mil people
Influence of Philosophy and American Ex.
Third Estate
Impatient w/ king
wanted different future
Enlightenment inspired to challenge absolute monarchy
Inspired by American Revolution