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Transfer of energy (Biotic components of an ecosystem (Food chains…
Transfer of energy
Biotic components of an ecosystem
Habitats
The place in which an organism lives.
A microhabitat is a very small area that differs from its surroundings and has features that make it suitable for a particular species.
Biomass transfer
The mass of biological material in living, or recently living organisms.
Ultimate source of energy is sunlight. Photosynthetic organisms convert sunlight energy into chemical energy which passes through a food chain. The energy available to a trophic level contributes to its biomass.
Communities
Interacting populations of two or more species in the same habitat at the time.
Community ecology studies the interactions of the species, related to their distribution and abundance, and their genotypic and phenotypic differences. It considers food web structure and predator pray relationships
Food chains
Only a small proportion of the total energy that reaches the plant as light is incorporated into the plants tissues. Herbivores are primary consumers; carnivores are secondary, tertiary and higher consumers. Each of these groups operates at a feeding or trophic level with energy passing to a higher trophic level as material is eaten. Energy in the food consumed is incorporated into the molecules of the consumer. As energy is passed along the food chain there is a loss from the food chain at each level. As energy is lost at each trophic level, the energy flowing through he ecosystem reduces and ultimately the energy leaves the system as heat.
Decomposition
When producers and consumers die, energy remains in the organic compounds of which they are made. Detrivores and decomposers feed as saprobionts and contribute to the recycling of nutrients.
Detritus food chain
Detritus-> detrivore-> decomposer
Most of the energy entering a food chin is transferred through detritus food chains rather than between consumers.
Food chains and their length
A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms in a food web.
Energy is the ability to do work.