Using Pen War, Sp Sth Amer colon, fight for depend. Want Self-Gov. 1811-29 wars, - indep Argentina(1810), Paraguay(1811), Uruguay(1815), Chile(1818), Peru(1821), Mex(1821)+ area Colomb, Venez, Ecuad, Bolivia. 1827-29, After 1865 only Cuba, Puerto Rico, Phillip, Guam, Pac Isls. 1878 Cuba rose Indep, free slaves. Lose, US hears brutal Sp, repression, concentrat Cs. Declare war Sp 1898. Treaty signed 1898 Sp surrend PuetRic, Cuba, Phil to US.