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Explain why Nicholas II was able to maintain power in 1905? (Duma (The…
Explain why Nicholas II was able to maintain power in 1905?
October manifesto
civil liberties(freedom of speech,an elected duma,end of censorship
October Manifesto split the liberals and socialists,The liberals wanted political reform and movement towards a constitutional democracy;the socialist wanted a socialist revolution.
Duma
The Duma deceived civilians into thinking they had free and fair elections.
Concessions,constitutional reforms
bias towards upperclasses
Financial budgets and the economy were not permitted to be discussed in the dums
Army
Small mutinies -Battle of Pomtemkin
The nobility controlled the armies senior ranks and therefore were able to maintain power
army remained loyal to Tsar.On 6th December military reforms brought the army back on side .There pay was increased and there terms of service was reduced.-e.g(3-4 years for infantry men)
Cossacks had not been touched by mutinies and were rewarded with money and privileges
Black Hundreds
attacked pro reformers on behalf of government
Nicholas II associated himself with the Black Hundreds.He provided financial and moral support
The Black Hundred killed 200 people in an anti government meeing
Orthodoxy, Autocracy and Nationalism
Kadets
Constitutional democrats came mainly from liberal- intelligentsia - academics ,lawyers,progressive employers .
Leaders
In 1905 the Russian regime was challenged due to the Russo Japanese war that ended as well as the reduction in taxes.The government were on the brink of financial meltdown
Torture and Punishment
The government used brutal, repressive measures into bring the populace into line and beat them into submission.These methods were effective in establishing the empire