Forestry Exam #1 [Lectures 1-3]

Brief History of Forestry and Natural Resource Management

World Forestry

Major Forest Types of North America

Rocky Mountain Forest

Southern Pine/Oak-Pine Forest

Central Broad Leaf Forest (Temperate/Eastern Deciduous/Seasonal Forest)

Pacific Coast Forest

Northern Hardwood Forest (Deciduous)

Bottomland Hardwood Forest

Northern Coniferous Forest (Boreal)

Tropical Forest

Dominated by evergreens (firs, spruce)

(sugar maple, birch, beech, aspen)

(oak-hickory and mixed mesophytic species------- [poplar, basswood, cucumber, buckeye, gum]

Dominated by evergreens (Douglas Fir)& Aspen

fire adapted & dependent- Made up of Southern Pines (long leaf pine) or a mixture of pines and oaks

Made up of mostly conifers, Dominated by Douglas Fir [High precipitation, rain forest]

Found in lowland flood plains along large rains and lakes (along Mississippi River). Made up of deciduous hardwood trees (gum, oaks, bald cypress)

Found along southern tip of Florida (Transitional areas made up of mangroves, palm trees, and other plants)

I. Timberland= 22% of US land area

West Virginia Has Diverse Forest Types

Ridge and Valley= Oak/Hickory, deciduous forest

Allegheny Mountains= Northern Hardwood Forests (sugar maple, beech, birch) & Boreal Conifer Forests (Red spruce)

State is~ 80% forested

Allegheny Plateau= Eastern Deciduous Forest

Cumberland Mountains= Mixed mesophytic forest (poplar, basswood, cucumber, buckeye, gum)

"The Timber Boom" 1880-1920

Conservation Movement

Theodore Roosevelt

Gifford Pincohot

Weeks Act of 1911

Natural Parks Act of 1916

1920-1950

1933 : Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Established national forests throughout the Eastern United States

Established the National Park Service to oversee national parks (preservation management strategy)

Forests were used again as utilitarian use due to 3 wars, Dust Bowl era, and Great Depression

United States President 1901-1909, Led the Conservation Movement in the US, Established the US Forest Service, established numerous national forests, parks, and wildlife refuges

First Chief of U.S. Forest Service, Studied Forestry in Europe, Utilitarian point of view on forest management, developed new practices for forest management , Emphasized use of forests for maximum use for mankind

Created by President FDR as work relief . However, it also did the following for the National Forests

Advanced work in forestry, soil erosion prevention, and flood control

Forest Service received about 1/2 of projects but Parks also benefited

The results created a substantially developed national forest system!

1944: Sustained Yield Forest Management Act

1960: Multiple Use Sustained Yield Act

1964: Wilderness Act

Forest managed to produce roughly equal annual or periodic yields of resources

addresses that national forests provide for multiple use and sustained yield of products(Timber, Watershed, Recreation, Fish, Wildlife)

Set aside 9.1 million acres in 54 areas

II. Reserved Forest Land= 2%

III. Other Forest Land= 77%

Rocky Mountains&Pacific Coast account for 75%

Moderately productive but allocated for specific non-timber uses(Wilderness Areas, Wildlife Sanctuaries, National Parks)

Northern&Southern Regions account for ~75%

Highly productive (Industrial Wood), not allocated for non-timber uses

Slow growing, non productive forests; Valued for other uses (Watershed protection, Wildlife Habitat, Grazing, Recreation)

Majority in Alaska and Great Plains

Forest Landowner Goals, Objectives, and Constraints