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'Older adults in Africa can no longer rely on their families to…
'Older adults in Africa can no longer rely on their families to support them in old age'. Critically discuss with evidence from countries in Africa.
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In some cases, it is older adults who provide the support, e.g. South Africa public pension (Lloyd-Sherlock, 2010)
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"While SSA will probably follow a process of development similar to that already seen in other countries , this process may take 50 years, or it may take 200 years; the difference between these in terms of human welfare is enormous" (Canning, 2011: 360).
Life course perspective
Exposure to certain behaviours and values when younger and how these impact upon attitudes and experience in later life
At what life stage should 'prevention' of later life health problems occur by way of state intervention, and how? (see slide 16, lecture 2, week 2)
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Expansion of morbidity
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Hypertension, stroke, diabetes, oral health: risk high and treatment very poor
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In general, those older adults manifesting greater morbidity may be less likely to receive support from their children and/or community (see Blankson and Hall, 2012)
Infectious diseases
HIV: increased mortality of young reduces supply of carers; and increased likelihood of HIV patients dying from AIDS in later life (see Gavazzi et al, 2004)
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Significant lack of data acts as a major caveat to any categorical finding (e.g. Ramirez et al, 2010: claims it represents whole of SSA with an n of 1,485)
Exclusion from state healthcare based on economic, geographical, political and social factors (see Parmar et al, 2014)
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Major lack of specialists in medicine relevant to older adults, so reliance on state healthcare not possible
Long-term care (Moody and Sasser, 2018): self>informal>formal care needed as people age
Gender disparities: males tend to be decision-makers (Kimuna, 2013)
Very few older adults seem to live alone compared to the West (UN, 2005)
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Important to define living arrangements well: Nairobi example (Langat slides) where official dataset defines a person as living alone while the woman actually lives with and near many siblings (Knodel, 2008)