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STREPSIRRHINI (LEMURIFORMES (CHEIROGALIDAE (family)
small,…
STREPSIRRHINI
LEMURIFORMES
CHEIROGALIDAE (family)
- small, <60g to 300/450g
- nocturnal
- nest builders
- high quality foods
- brief gestation periods
- twins or triplets
- young are usually 'parked'
- solitary foragers
- adult male ranges overlap one or more
female ranges.
PHANER (fork-marked lemurs)
- small 1-male, 1-female groups
- gummivory
- upper 1st premolar is caniform
MICROCEBUS (mouse lemurs, genus)
- nocturnal
- smallest primates (27cm)
- omnivorous
- co-operating females share tree nests
- smallest brain of all known primates
CHEIROGALEUS (dwarf lemurs, genus)
- hibernates in the dry season
- stores fat in the tail and body
- solitary or pairs
- roam the lower strata in coastal forests
ALLOCEBUS (hairy-eared dwarf lemur, genus)
- short fur
- extraordinarily long tongue
- poorly know, thought to be extinct until recently
LEMURIDAE (family)
- 2 to 4kg
- dirunal
- gestation periods of
100-135 days
- defend large territories
of 5-10ha
- arboreal and terrestrial
- highly social
- stable, status hierachies
- bisexual, multi-male,
multi-female groups
- strong scents from neck
gland
- females dominate males
VARECIA (ruffed lemur)
- arboreal quadrupeds
- highly vocal
- large litters of 2-3
EULEMUR (brown lemur)
- cathemeral
- sexually dichromatic
LEMUR (lemur, genus)
- lemurcatta is most terrestrial
HAPALEMUR (bamboo lemur)
- vertical clinger-leaper
- specialist in bamboo feeding
LEPILEMURIDAE (family)
LEPILEMUR (sportive lemur)
- relatively folivorous
- lack upper incisor
- solitary foragers
- vertical clinger-leaper
- bi-pedal 'hopping'
- adult male ranges overlap one
or more female ranges
INDRIIDAE (family)
- 1 to 6kg
- diurnal
- folivorous
- vertical clingers-leapers
- tooth reduction
- specialised digestive tracts
- variable social groups
- stable pairs
INDRI (indri, genus)
- the largest
- vestigial tail
AVAHI (wooly lemur)
- nocturnal
- pair-bonding
- 9 species
PROPITHECUS (sifaka)
- most numerous
- 9 species
- shifak alarm call
DAUBENTONIIDAE (family)
DAUBENTONIA MADAGASCARIENSIS (genus)
- insectivorous
- elongated, third foraging digit
- large, approx. 1 metre
- build nests in trees
- coastal lowland rainforest, <200m elevation
- solitary or asocial
- adult male ranges overlap one or more
female ranges
- compressed claw-like nails except first toes
- one-sided enamel
- procumbent teeth which continually grow
PROSIMIANS
These are the primates with MOIST NOSES, known from the Eocene era
CHARACTERISTICS:
- grooming digit, usually the second
digit of each foot.
- fingers are less dextrous.
- stronger reliance on olfaction.
- scent glands.
- have a moist nose
- have a rhinarium.
- eyes facing more to the side.
- no post-orbital closure.
- tooth comb.
- independently movable ears.
- many are nocturnal.
- some are diurnal or cathermal.
- small brain to body size ratio.
- unfused metopic suture of frontal bone and symphyseal suture of mandible.
- multiple teats.
- shorter gestation and maturation periods.
- walled off embryo.
LORISIFORMES
LORISIDAE (family)
- subsaharan Africa and
south-east Asia
- 300g to 1000g
- nocturnal
- first lower pre-molar
resembles a canine
- cautious quadrumannual
climbers
- gestation period of
130-190 days
- single infants which are
'parked'
- short tail
- solitary
- monogamous pairs
- male and female ranges
overlap
- reach sexual maturity
in <2 years
- stealth and brachial
gland to avoid predation
PERODICTICUS (potto)
- Africa
- 1000g
- fingers 3 and 4 connected by a
slight skin fold
- 6 low tubercles with sharp points
on the neck for defence
ARCTOCEBUS (angwantibo)
- Africa
- 300g
- almost not tail at all
- prefer underbrush and lower layers
LORIS (slender loris)
- Asia
- 300g
- narrow pelvis with unfused pubic symphysis
-
GALAGIDAE (family)
- subsaharan, woodland savannah Africa
- 100-200g
- nocturnal
- scent marking is important
- vertical clingers-leapers of >2m
- gestation period of 120 days
- twins and triplets are 'parked' or carried
in the mouth
- rapid growth
- solitary foragers
- monogamous pairs
- male ranges overlap one or more
female ranges
- adult females may share ranges and
sleep communally
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TARSIFORMES
TARSIIDAE (family)
- south-east Asian islands
- small
- nocturnal
- insectivorous
- tooth reduction
- vocal duet singing
- solitary
- monogamous pairs