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Foreign Invaders (Innate responce example with splinter (3) Injured cells…

- - - - 3) Antagonistic - inhibition of one cytokines effects by another
      - 4) Synergic - Cooperative effects of multiple cytokines
      - 2) Redundant - Multiple cytokines have the same effect
      - 5) Pleiotrophy - Different effects on different types of target cells
      - 1) Cascade induction - Multistep mechanism for the amplified production of a given cytokine
    - - 3) Interferon - Involved in anti-viral responses and modulates immune responses
      - 4) Tumor Necrosis - Regulates various activities
      - 2) Hematopoietin - Diverse functions
      - 5) IL-7 - Promotes inflammation
      - 1) IL-1 - Promotes inflammation
      - 6) Chemokines - Chemoattractants
        
        Direct white blood cells to infection site. Chemotaxis creates a chemical gradient that drives cell movement
- - - - Cytosolic (exogenous) pathway
      - Includes viral peptides
      - Proteins degraded by proteasome and transported to the rough ER via TAP
      - Peptides bond to the MHC class I molecule with the help of chaperones and are transported to the plasma membrane
    - - Endocytic pathway
      - Antigen is internalized in endocytic vesicles and broken down into small peptides
      - These molecules are first assembled in the ER
      - Invarient chain guides MHC to vesicles, chain is digested and CLIP binds. CLIP is then exchanged for antigenic peptide, facilitated by HLA-DM. The MHC molecule and antigenic peptide are then brought to the plasma membrane