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Chapter 2 (Improving Intercultural Communication 2.3 (Intercultural…

- - - - Adjust your communication and be understanding
        
        Don't assume anything. Communicate your feelings. Avoid talking about the person with a disability in third person. Demonstrate your comfort.
        
        Culture Shock- is the psychological reaction you experience when you encounter a culture very different from your own.
- - - - Enculturation- the process by which culture is transmitted from one generation to another.
        
        Ethnic Identity- A committment to the beliefs and philosophy of your culture that, not surprisingly, can act as a protective shield against discrimination.
        Race- Is a classification of humans on the basis of their physical and biological characteristics. Examples would be, hair type, skin color, and shape of facial features.
        Acculturation- The process by which one culture is modified or changed through contact with or exposure to another culture.
        
        Importance of Culture
        
        Demographic changes, Sensitivity to cultural differences, Economic interdependence, Communication Technology, Culture- Specific nature of interpersonal communication.
- - - - (High-context)- place a great deal of emphasis on the information that is in the context or in the person.
        
        (Low-context cultures)- place more emphasis on the information that is explicitly stated in verbal messages or, in formal transactions, in written form.
        
        High power distance cultures- cultures where power is concentrated in the hands of a few, and theres a great difference between the power held by these people and the power of the ordinary citizen.
        Low-power-distance cultures- power is more evenly distributed throughout citizenry.
        
        High-ambiguity-tolerant cultures- don't feel threatened by unknown situations, uncertainty is a normal part of life, and people accept it as it comes.
        
        Low-ambiguity-tolerant cultures- do much to avoid uncertainty and have a great deal of anxiety about not knowing what will happen next.
        
        Indulgence- are those that emphasize the gratification of desires. They focus on having fun and enjoying life.
        Restraint- those that foster the curbing of such gratification and its regulation by social norms.
        
        Long term orientation- an orientation that promotes the importance of future rewards, and so, members of these cultures are more apt to save for the future and to prepare for the future academically.
        Short term orientation- Look more past to present. Instead of saving for the future, members of this culture spend their resources for the present and, not surprisingly, want quick results from their efforts.
      - Masculine and Feminine Cultures
        
        Masculine Culture- Men are valued for their assertiveness, material success, and strength.
        
        Feminine Culture- On the other hand, value modesty, concern for relationships and the quality of life, and tenderness in both men and women.