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Technology-Driven Business Innovation: W4 Open and Disruptive Innovation

- - - - ▪ Bell Labs – now part of Alcatel Lucent
        — Transistor, radio astronomy, laser, charge coupled
        device, information theory, UNIX, C, S,C++
        — 8 Nobel Prizes
        ▪ IBM Research
        — 3 Nobel Prizes, plus two by former employees
        ▪ Microsoft Research
        ▪ Government – DARPA, EPSRC
    - - ▪ Purpose – create products
        ▪ Models and Prototypes
        — Visualize the product
        — Experiment and test
        — Understand technological risks
        James Dyson – 3 years building prototypes
        — Make the product robust