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Josiah Rowell Period 6 Aztec and Incas DONE…
Josiah Rowell Period 6 Aztec and Incas DONE
Fall of the Aztec empire
Cortes
He came from Spain.
Hernan Cortes was a Spanish conquistador and explorer.
Conquered
Third, they had technology that the Aztec did not have.
Hernan Cortes had the ability to make allies with the outlying tribes that hated the Aztecs.
First, the Spanish had diseases like small pox.
Second, they had horses.
Montezuma
He was the Aztec emperor.
He welcomed Cortes because he thought he was the god Quetzalcoatl.
He was stoned to death by his own people.
Aztec Culture
Food
Another main food source that the Aztec ate a lot was chocolate. They used chocolate not to eat but to make a bitter beverage.
Another one of their main food sources is chili peppers.
Their were many food sources in the Aztec empire.
One is maize (yellow corn) was a main food source. One of their gods was the goddess of maize named Chicomecoatl.
One of the other main food sources was avocados.
Language
Only scribes and priests could write
One of their gods was Tezcatlipoca and was the god of speech and language.
Their language was a system of hundreds of pictures that created an alphabet.
The Aztec literature was written down in books that were folded up life fans.
Their language was N'ahuatl.
Games
Another game that they played was patolli.
One game that they played was tlachtli.
Tlachtli is a ball game for teams. The game is much like a combination of basketball and soccer.
Tlachtli is a game played with a stone hoop and a rubber ball.
Patolli is a gambling game that was played with dry beans and a pebble.
Tenochtitlan
The people in Tenochtitlan bartered with goods instead of using currency.
Cacao beans were used when buying small priced items.
The social classes in Tenochtitlan dictated what people were able to do.
Tenochtitlan had two 2.5 mile long aqueducts to supply fresh water to the city.
In Tenochtitlan, there were schools and temples.
Aztec Engineering
Chinampas
They could harvest more crops than normal farms.
The chinampas were made by the Aztecs with mud, dirt, twigs, and other natural resources.
They were floating gardens the Aztecs used to farm.
Chinampas today are still being drained in Mexico City.
The chinampas were nearly the size of a football feild.
Temples
Aztecs believed that their temples were homes of their gods and place of worship.
When the Spanish first saw the pyramids they were astounded.
They were designed using ancient Mesoamerican architectural traditions that went back thousands of years.
They were used for religious ceremonies and sacrifice.
Aztec temples were usually found at the top of pyramids.
Inca culture
Games
Tlachtli was like a combination of soccer and basketball.
One of the main games that the Incas played was Tlachtli.
Incans played a few games.
In the game you can not use your hands or feet but you only have 3 tries to get the ball through a very small hoop.
It is a game played with a stone hoop and a rubber ball.
Food
The Inca diet was mainly vegetarian based.
Even though the Incas mostly ate vegetarian food, they still ate some meat.
The meats eaten in the Inca culture were mostly llama and alpaca.
Though potatoes were the main food source other food such as quinoa, beans, squash, sweet potatoes, avocados, tomatoes and manioc were also eaten a lot in the Inca culture.
Potatoes were the main source of food for the Incas.
Language
Their language was called Quechua.
In Peru, one-half a million speak Quechua and two-thirds of these speak no other languages.
They used them for records and math.
The Incas never developed any form of script or picture writing.
The Incas used a system of knotted and colored strings, a ‘quipu’.
Machu Pichu
The site stretches over a 5-mile distance, with more than 3,000 stone steps.
Hundreds of thousands of people walk through Machu Picchu every year, with crowds and landslides to see the sun set.
Machu Picchu was wiped out by Spanish invaders in the 16th century.
Historians believe Machu Picchu was built at the height of the Inca Empire.
Machu Picchu is believed to have been a royal estate or sacred religious site for Inca leaders.
Fall of Inca
Pizarro
He was an explorer and a conquistador.
He was from Trujillo, Cáceres, Spain
Conquered
Second, the Spanish succeeded because European germs had devastated the Incan Empire prior to the Spanish attempt to conquer it.
Spanish succeeded because they had writing and the Inca didn't.
First, the Spanish succeeded because of their superior technology.
Also, the Incan's had left their guard down when they saw how small Pizarro's army was and how big their's was.
Atahualpa
He was strangled with a garrote on 26 July 1533.
He was the Inca Emperor.
Francisco Pizarro captured him and took him prisoner.
Inca Engineering
Terraces
They had also built an irrigation system that caught water coming down the mountain and then distributed water to each plant.
Some terraces still exist today and appear as green lines on the mountains.
Incans lived in the Andes mountains so instead of farming on flat plains they farmed on mountains.
Although their farming secrets may never be known, the Inca's terrace farming is an agricultural marvel.
Incans dug terraces so they could farm where it was hilly.
Fountains
The fountains gave the city's inhabitants clean, fresh water.
The first challenge the Inca faced was how to bring water from a pair of rain-fed springs almost half a mile away from the first fountain.
It was built sometime after 1450 at the city of Machu Picchu.
A hydraulic engineer named Ken Wright calculates the system could carry up to 80 gallons per minute.
One of the most amazing examples of Inca hydraulic engineering was the Stairway of Fountains.