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Crystal Lim Period 5 Aztec and Inca Done (Tenochtitlan (Tenochtitlan was…
Crystal Lim Period 5 Aztec and Inca Done
Tenochtitlan
Tenochtitlan was easy to defend themselves against enemies because they were surrounded by an island.
It was created in the center of an island.
It was one of the largest cities in the world during 1500.
Tenochtitlan was full of beautiful buildings like temples, pyramids, and houses.
The capital of Aztec is Tenochtitlan,now it is called Mexico City.
Aztec Culture
Language
It is spoken by 1.5 million people.
They Aztecs didn't speak Spanish in the pre -Columbian era.
The Aztecs speak Nahuatl which is still spoken today.
Many Mexicans ancestors could be Aztecs.
Most Mexicans are mostly descended from different Native Americans,not just the Aztecs .
Religion
The temples in Aztec are shaped like pyramids.
Human sacrifice was a big thing to do in Aztec. Conquered people also had to send sacrifice victims to Tenochtitlan.
The priests in Aztec did not bathe or cut their hairs. They walked around with long, matted hair covered in dried human blood.
The Aztecs were polytheistic which is worshiped by many gods. The Aztecs were not Christian.
A ceremonial bathing was an important part of the daily life as an Aztec, but not for an priest.
Family Life
The kids would attend to school or help out around the house.
If the children were misbehaving the children would have to do punishments. One was that they would make them inhale smoke from the kitchen fire.
The men had to go out hunting and fishing for food.
The family structure was important to the Aztecs.
Women had to stay in the house cleaning, cooking, and taking care of their children.
Aztec Engineering
Temples
The temples that the Aztecs built were shaped like pyramids.
At the top of the temple there was room for sacrificing.
The Aztecs would keep on adding levels to the existing one.
The great pyramid temple was built in the center of the great city Tenochtitlan.
The Aztecs did not want to clean the temple ,but instead they were just covered in dried human blood.
Chinampas
The farms included crops of maize, beans, and squash.
Chinampas helped the Aztecs grow plants and food in the water.
The chinampas are used to grow large amounts of flowers, which makes the land an even more lush and colorful place.
They were built above water so that it is able to start a garden.
It's small rectangular areas of fertile arable land to grow crops on the shallow lake beds.
Fall of the Aztec Empire
Conquered
Cortes and his army had diseases with them such as Small Pox which killed more Aztecs than the Spanish sword.
Manlintizin gave Cortes the inside on the Aztecs and helped him from alliances against Montezuma.
Cortes was able to take control of the city and took Montezuma hostage.
Cortes knew how to use Spanish horses and guns to shock the Aztecs because they had never seen these kind of stuff before.
Cortes
He arrived in Mexico with 550 soldiers, 16 horses, 14 canons, and a few dogs.
Hernan Cortes was a Conquistador.
Montezuma
Montezuma did not attack right away when Cortes did.
Montezuma believed Cortes to be Quetzalcoatl- an important Aztec god.
Montezuma was the emperor of the Aztecs.
Fall of the Inca
Pizarro
Before he was a conquistador he fled a job of herding pigs in Italy.
Pizarro arrived in the Americas and became very wealthy by exploring Panama.
Conquered
He attacked Atahualpa but offered to free Atahualpa if he filled rooms with gold and silver.
Pizarro's conquest of Peru opened most of South America to Spanish rule
Pizarro had invited Atahualpa and a few soldiers to a meeting
Atahualpa
Atahualpa was the Inca emperor.
Atahualpa thought that Pizarro was crazy of how could he stand up to an army of 80,000 Incan warrios.
When Pizarro made a bargain with Atahualpa, he kept his end of it but Pizarro killed him in 1533.
Machu Pichu
Machu Pichu is made up of more than 150 buildings. It ranges from baths and houses to temples and sanctuarie.
Machu Pichua has be designated for one of the New Seven Wonders in the world.
Machu Pichu was built at the height of the Inca Empire.
It is Peru's most visited attraction and South America's most famous ruins.
It's believed to have been a royal estate or sacred religious site for Inca leaders.
Inca Culture
Religion
The animals were sacrificed.
The Incas believed in reincarnation.
The main god was the sun god. Vircacocha was the creator of the sun, moon and the stars.
The priests to have the ability to read omens and signs from ancestors and gods.
The Incas were also polytheistic just like the Aztecs.
Family Life
Only the wealthy children would go to school because peasant children would have to work all day.
The whole family worked all day until during religious festivals.
The most important aspects of the Inca daily life was the ayllu which is a group of families that worked on a portion of land together.
The men would have to work on land that is owned by the government.
The women would have to do housework like taking care of the children or cooking food for the family.
Language
The Quipus helped the Incas with a lot of daily life things.
The number of knots, the size of the knots, and the distance between the knots conveyed the meaning to the Incas.
Only specially trained officials knew how to use the quipus.
The Incas used a Quipus which is information on knotted strings.
The Incas unfortunately have no written language.
Inca Engineering
Terraces
It is a level paved area or platform next to a building.
Terraces were great for irrigation.
The Incas planted potatoes, quinoa, and maize in the terraces.
It allows the farmers to make flat areas for planting their crops and plants.
The Incas have used terraces for a long time.
Aqueducts
The Incas used aqueducts to carry water to where it was needed.
It is typically in the form of a bridge across a valley or other gap.
It is a pipe or channel designed to carry water to a distant source.
It could also be used for agriculture.
Aqueducts were built by great Inca engineers.