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Done Carmen Aguilar Period 5 Aztec and Inca (Tenochtitlan…
Done Carmen Aguilar Period 5 Aztec and Inca
Tenochtitlan
Tenochtitlan also had a zoo, with many many animals.
Tenochtitlan was the capital of Aztec but is now known as Mexico City.
Tenochtitlan was built on an Island.
Canals allowed travel by canoe to many parts of the city
Markets were HUGE, without thousands of things to sale.
Fall of The Aztec
Montezuma
He welcomed Cortes because he assumed that he was an Aztec god.
Hernan Cortes made Montezuma a prisoner. He later killed him.
He was the emperor.
Cortes
He is from Extremadura.
He came to the New World because he was searching for treasure.
He was a Spanish conquistador.
Conquered
A Mayan women told Cortes some information, so he can form alliances against Montezuma.
The Aztecs thought that Cortes was a god.
The Spanish bought diseases with them.
The Spanish had horses and weapons.
Aztec engineering
Chinampas
The chinampas float on water.
They were used to grow crops on.
Chinampas were used for agricultural purposes.
Chinampas were made from the weaving of stakes then it would be filled up with mud and decaying vegetation.
Chinampas were the men's work. The men created them.
Causeways(Earthen Bridges)
Causeways were built by stakes, rocks, and clay. They were made by the Aztecs.
There were three main causeways in Tenochtitlan. It led them to the mainland.
There were also bridges under he causeways so that people can travel with boats and come through.
A causeway is a raised road that is above water that let people travel.
If they got attacked , the Aztecs could disassemble the bridges under causeways. so no one can come through.
Aztec culture
Language
We would probably expect Aztecs to speak Spanish, but, in fact, they don't!
Some words were created by the Aztecs that is now used in Spanish and English. Some of those words are; avocado, chili, chocolate, coyote, and tomato.
Aztecs spoke a language that we would probably consider "weird". They spoke a language called, Nahuatl.
The language that the Aztecs spoken by 1.5 million people today, maybe more that we don't know of!
Nahuatl was the dominant in central Mexico by he mid 1350's
These Aztecs are speaking Nahuatl.
Art (and poetry)
Art was an important part of Aztec life.
Aztec had much art, like music and poetry! They used this art to praise their gods.
Art was also used by the Aztecs in order to set them apart from commoners (ordinarily people).
For the Aztecs, art was part of their religion.
Aztec art, apparently, is more about adapting to the art that was once already there.
Aztecs playing music.
Family Life
Some kids were able to go to school. Others stayed home and helped their families.
What Aztecs call child discipline, is what we call child abuse. For disciplining children, they did many harmful things that would get children to do the right thing at all times! Aztecs would have a kitchen fire and hold children above the fire to burn their eyes and burn their skin. If the child was extremely bad, they would even throw in a few chilies! Sometimes, they would even puncture the child's skin with thorns.
Women usually would stay inside the house. What they would do in the houses was cook, take care of children,knit, and do house work.
Aztecs treated their elderly with respect.
Men seemed to have the job of getting food for the family. Men went hunting and fishing. They also went to go farm on chinampus where they grew corns, beans, tomatoes,and chilies.
Fall of Inca
Pizarro
He was a Spanish conquistador.
He is from Extremadura.
He heard that there was an even more richer empire than the Aztecs, which is why he came to the New World.
Conquered
The Incas couldn't scare away Pizarro.
The Spanish had weapons, like swords and shields.
The Spanish had horses with them when they came to conquer the Incas.
The Incas couldn't stop the spread of diseases. One disease that they couldn't stop was smallpox.
Pizarro with his horse.
Atahulpa
Pizarro told Atahulpa to become Christian but he refused. After refusing, Pizarro held him hostage.
Atahualpa was told to fill up 2 rooms with gold and silver. Even though the emperor kept his end of the bargain, he was later killed.
Atahulpa was the emperor of the Inca empire.
Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu was built as a vacation spot for the emperor.
It probably took about 1000 men on ropes to build Machu Picchu.
It was made by the Incas and was abandoned.
It was made out of stone, that was carved just right to fit in each place.
It was built on top of the Andes Mountain Range. It is located in Peru
Inca culture
Religion
They also believed in reincarnation and animals were sacrificed. Usually the animals being sacrificed was llamas.
Their main god was the sun.
Incas were polytheistic, which is belief in many gods.
Incas killed dogs, apparently this was to help guide the soul of the human int reincarnation.
Inca emperors were mummified and were watched over by servants.
A dog mummified.
Food
The things the Incas ate depended on where they lived.
People ate well and were taken care of. They ate the crops they grew.
They also ate other things like tomatoes, peppers, fish, and ducks.
The government would take care of someone who couldn't work or if they were to old to work on the farms. The government would make sure they had enough food to eat.
The Incas mainly ate corn, squash, and beans. This was apart of their diet.
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Family Life
Most of the peasant men worked as farmers. The peasant women worked hard at home. They cooked food, made clothes, and more.
The ayllu are families who work together in a portion of land.
The children of the nobles could go to school, but the children of the peasants had to stay home and do the house work. they never got to go to school.
The nobles didn't have to pay taxes. The peasants did have to pay taxes.
The Inca nobles( wealthy people) had a easier life than the peasants(poor, ordinary people).
Nobles
Commoners
Inca engineering
Fountains
The Incas carved stone by hand and it brings fresh water.
The emperor had used the water first. He used it to bathe.
Machu Pichu has fountains.
The Incas were good engineers.
The fountains supplied the city with clean, fresh water.
Terraces
Terrace farming was introduced by the Incas.
Machu Pichu has terrace farming on it.
Many crops were grown on terraces. Some of the crops were corn, potatoes, and many other crops.
Some of the terraces that the Incas built still exist today.
Terrace farming is steps of land that prevent erosion.
