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Caleb Pate Aztec / Inca (Tenochitlon (Its on an island near the western…
Caleb Pate Aztec / Inca
Fall of the Aztecs
Conquered
Their weapons that the spanish had were more sophisticated then Indians too.
Again the unseable army of germs/ diseases that helped very much.
When the Inca were being attacked the empires that had been taken over by the Inca were fed up with the Incas rule so they helped,
One of the stratagees the Europeans used was where they would go straight for the leader to make the army lose morale and get discombobulated.
Hernando Cortez
He was from Europe.
He was a explorer/ conquistador.
Montezuma
His title the Leader/ King.
Montezuma thought Cortez was a god that's why they let him.
Cortez took Montezuma hostage them made Montezuma give them all their gold and resources. Then the Spaniards killed him when the warriors had attacked against the Spanish while they were in the center of the empire in the main tempal.
Aztec Engineering
When they started building they used a system of pylons made of wood to anchor the buildings then made stakes to make a foundation to then make the building on top of the stakes.
They used thousands of pylons in two rows then filled that with stone and mud till they were about two feet above the water level.
Most of the buildings/ tempals were made for the their gods they believe in.
they made many aqua ducts by using two stone half open tubes where one of the five foot tubes was cleaned and the other one was just to make sure the water was never interrupted. The most well known aqua duct was the king's bath.
The Aztecs had also made a safe zone surrounding the city basically acting as a dam for the Aztecs it was made of sticks, reeds, stones,and earth it even had doors for the ships and canoes.
Structures/ add-ons
the Aztecs made many far flung networks of roads (Aztec superhighways.)
When the empire got bigger their tempal to honor the gods of war and rain, the Aztecs would build another layer becauce the tempal symbolized the Aztecs power and strength.
The Aztecs made chinapas that were floating pieces of land for farming and sometimes as homes they would weave reeds and sticks then used the mud from the bottom of the lake on top of the weaved sticks/ reeds to form the chinapa.
Desontea was a very hard valcanic rock which if you look at the stone today it is as hard as modern concrete
for the floors and walls they would use a line plaster (a form of concrete)which was also very strong against weathering.
Culture
Art
The Aztecs didn't really have a real name for art they called this and other special things "toltcat" .
The Aztecs had a very wide variety of appreciation for insects, birds, and animals
Art to the Aztecs was almost a religion or a culture.
Sadly most of the paintings that the people had made only the upper class(rich) people could have them.
The Aztecs used some forms of art such as poetry, music, and sculptures to honor their gods
Food
Aztec food is a rich combination of food most people take for granted today.
One of the greatest food gift from Mexico to the world is chocolate.
Or they also used squash when eating Maize (healthy combo if not eating a lot of meat.)
The Aztecs also used bean with the Maize.(healthy combo if you don't eat a lot of meat.)
Maize was the staple of the Aztec empire.
Family life
One Aztec family could grow very large.
In a sense men dominated the society.
Women most often were able to run business out of their homes, also they had a lot of influence in the family and the raising of their children.
In a Aztec family the husband may have more than one wife.
There are many things we know, but the record is frustrating because of how little we know
Tenochitlon
Its on an island near the western shore of lake Texcoco.
Tenochtitlan was the capital city and religious center of the Aztec civilization.
The founding date of the city was 1345 CE.
The city remained the most important Aztec center up until its destruction.
At the center of the city was a large sacred precinct dominated by a huge pyramid
Inca Enginerring
Strutures
Most of the building in the middle of the any of their empires were usually there to praise the gods they believe in or was a home for their emperors.
If the Inca ever had wanted to build something they would always try and make it near resources that are easy to reach.
When they were making they rocks smother to where they could fit on top of each-other and not fall they would hit other small stones onto the the rock they wanted chiseled to chip it away slowly
Many of the buildings they built with stone were so perfectly carved and chipped that they never really had to use like a type if cement inbetween the cracks of the stones.
The Incas usually had made there buildings made of stoned and never really anything else because that's all they really knew about at the time besides wood.
Canals and waterways
The canals were also used for rain drains to make sure the city doesn't overflow with water and kill the crops.
The had also many drop offs in the canals to go into fountains, usually the Inca had many fountains in their buildings for example in the Incan city of Machu Picchu had 16 fountains and it was small.
When the Inca were building there land/ fortresses they would use these very sophisticated water canals for the people to drink.
When they were making they rocks smother to where they could fit on top of each-other and not fall they would hit other small stones onto the the rock they wanted chiseled to chip it away slowly.
The Incan were very concerned about how they're cleanliness was and i fact when the emperor went to the bathroom or anyone else did the water would never go back into the main water way with the drinking water.
Machu Pichu
Structures.
When the Incans had made the buildings in Machu Picchu so carefully so on most buildings they didn't even need cement inbetween the stones.
Fountains.
There are 16 fountains ok for drinking because they made a canal to go strait to a spring .
How it was built.
They started by building terraces, then made
What was the purpose of Machu Picchu.
It was a place where Patchacutie could go and it was to where it symbolized the Inca's power.
Culture
Art
The European did sadly destroy almost all of the Incas art they had made.
The Incas art usually did not include representations of themselves, their rituals, or their military conquests.
The best types they made was highly polished metalwork, ceramics, and above all textiles.
The Incas preferred their art be geometrical designs unlike other tribes.
The Inca have made some of the finest art ever made in ancient Americas.
Family life
Men and women stayed living at home until they were married.
Women married at age 16, and boy's in their early 20 in the Inca empire.
The Son of Nobles had a much more elaborate ritual and month long test.They were usually tested for strength, courage, and discipline.If they aced the test they would be given a sword to show truthfulness.
They married within the borders of the Ayllu and lived in one room houses.
Ayllu was the Inca name for their villages.
Food
Agriculture is a community practice and farmers worked in groups of sevens and eights.
The Inca have also been know to sing while they work.
They usually used hoes, clod breakers, and foot ploughs.
Crops made across the Inca empire included maize, coca, beans, grains, potatoes, sweet potatoes, ulluco, oca, mashwa, pepper, tomatoes, peanuts, cashews, squash, cucumber, quinoa,gourd cotton, talwi, carob, chirimoya, lucama, guayabo, and avocado.
The Incas were very largely vegetarian.
Fall of the Inca
Pizzaro
He was from Europe
He was an explorer/ conquistador.
Atahualpa
How he died.
Pizarro executed him even though he gave him the ransome he wanted.
Title
He was the emperor of the Inca empire
What Pizarro did to him.
He captured Atahualpa then executed him after he got the ransome he ordered.
Conquered
Their other weapon that wasn't even seeable by the indians or the Spanish could see was diseases like most common Smallpox.
They Spanish only had 180 people but they had horses which the Incas had never seen and they were frightened by them.
The Spanish had metal weapons and way more sophisticated weapons like guns.
The natives that didn't like the Inca or had been taken over by had helped severally in the battle against the Spanish.
