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Changes and Complaints in the Catholic Church (Questions: (Did people'…
Changes and Complaints in the Catholic Church
Changes
Exploration
Europeans reexamined their purpose in the vast world
Exploration stimulate trade; that led to city growth and a merchant class
Before exploration, Europeans thought they were the center of a compact world
Disruption of Class System
Townspeople's capitalization of personal wealth opportunities and businesses
Clergy: the body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church
Medieval society had only clergy, nobility, and peasants
Becoming successful merchants gave the people political influence.
Humanism
Humanism: belief that the human intellect was a powerful force for change and improvement
Renaissance spirit was spreading across Europe
Scholars' interests sparked in Greek and Roman Culture
^That culture started the humanism movement
Complaints
Clerical Corruption
High Taxes by the Bishop upset the people.
Clergy became corrupt by Nobles' bribery.
Popes claimed strong political power along with their spiritual power.
Bishopric: a district under a bishop's control
Bishop: a senior member of the Christian clergy, typically in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders
Cardinals: a leading dignitary of the Roman Catholic Church. Cardinals are nominated by the Pope and form the Sacred College, which elects succeeding popes
Temporal Power: the power of a bishop or cleric, especially the Pope, in secular matters
Simony: the selling of Church offices
Nepotism: favoritism based on family relationships
Problems with Popes
French-appointed Pope move headquarters from Rome to France.
Pope Urban VI continued to act as pope in Rome.
Two popes ruled from 1378-1417
Papal Schism: a split within the Catholic Church which lasted from 1378 to 1417.
Impeached: charge (the holder of a public office) with misconduct.
Indulgences
Clergy told people that these documents could save them from time in purgatory.
Indulgences: a document that offered release from punishment due to sins
Indulgences were one way in which the Church sought to raise money to support itself.
This scam is one of the main points that angered Martin Luther.
Purgatory: an intermediate state after physical death in which some of those ultimately destined for heaven must first "undergo purification, so as to achieve the holiness necessary to enter the joy of heaven
Questions:
Did people's reexamination of their purpose lead to an increase in philosophy?
Does the Catholic church teach their followers about the corruption from the past?
Does the background of funding for Saint Peter's Basilica lessen its beauty?
Is confession the "updated" free version of indulgences?
Did the corrupted clergy actually believe in God or just their scam?