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Motivation/Stress/Emotions (Universal Emotions (Contempt :smirk:, Sadness …
Motivation/Stress/Emotions
4 Early Motivation Theories
Drive-Reduction Theory:
motivated to satisfy physiological needs to maintain homeostasis
Homeostasis:
desire to maintain equilibrium within body
Incentive Theory:
external goal to motivate behavior :moneybag: > :runner:
Instinct Theory:
motivated by inborn automated behaviors (instincts)
Arousal Theory:
seek stimulus for arousal :rocket:
Yerkes-Dodson Law:
too much/too little arousal leads to poor performance
Emotion Theories
Cannon-Bard Theory:
Stimulus > Phy. Response + Emotion :snake: :arrow_right: :heartpulse: :heavy_plus_sign: :fearful:
Two-Factor Theory:
Stimulus > Phy. Response + Cognitive Label > Emotion :snake: :arrow_right: :heartpulse: :heavy_plus_sign: :label: :arrow_right: :fearful:
James-Lange Theory:
Stimulus > Physiological Response > Emotion :snake: :arrow_right: :heartpulse: :arrow_right: :fearful:
Hunger
Eating Disorders
Bulimia Nervosa:
eat a lot and purge
Anorexia Nervosa:
barely/don't eat and distorted image of self
Hypothalamus
controls hunger
Lateral Hypo.:
tells body when hungry
Ventromedial Hypo:
Tells body when full
Glucose
:arrow_right:
Fat
Important Psychologist
Maslow:*
hierarchy of needs*--physical, safety, belonging, self-esteem, self-actualization
Chomsky:
people have
"learning boxes"
that make it possible to learn any human language
Universal Emotions
Contempt :smirk:
Sadness :cry:
Disgust :poop:
Fear :fearful:
Anger :anger:
Happy :smiley:
Surprise :open_mouth:
Cognition
Language/Thoughts
Phonemes (sounds):
smallest distinctive sound unit
Morphemes (meaning):
smallest unit of meaning a word can have
Grammar:
rules of language
Semantics:
rules for meaning
Syntax:
sentence structure
Language Development
Babbling Stage:
(3-4 Months) random sounds
One-Word Stage:
(1-2 yr) uses 1 word; communicates big thoughts
Two-Word Stage (Telegraphic Speech):
(2 yr) 2 words to communicate meaning
Stress
Conflicts
Approach-Approach:
both :+1::skin-tone-3: options
Approach-Avoidance:
1 :+1::skin-tone-3: & 1 :-1::skin-tone-3: option
Avoidance-Avoidance:
both :-1::skin-tone-3: options
Double Approach-Avoidance:
:+1::skin-tone-3:'s & :-1::skin-tone-3:'s to options
Stress Reduction
Draw/write it out
Talk to someone
Seek professional help
Laughter
Behavior Stress Management
Yoga, meditation, hypnosis, biofeedback
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS):
theory to how humans respond to stress
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion