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heat transfer- pg.548-551 (thermal energy and temperature (measuring…
heat transfer- pg.548-551
thermal energy and temperature
temperature= average amount of energy of motion of each particle of a substance
thermal energy= total energy of motion in particles of substance
measuring temperature
air temperature= measured by thermometer
thermometer works because liquids expand when heated and contrast when cooled
when temperature of liquid increases in thermometer liquid expands and rises in column
temperature scales
temp. measured in units called degrees
Celsius and fahrenheit
celsius- starts at freezing point of pure water= 0 degrees- the boiling point of pure water at sea level 100 degrees celsius
how heat is transferred
radiation
direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
infrared rays can not be seen but can be felt- they are the most of sun's heat that you can feel
conduction
direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching
when faster moving molecules bump into slower moving ones, the faster moving ones transfers some energy
works well in some solids, metals but not well in liquids and gases, including air and water
convection
the transfer of liquid and gases heat by movement of a fulid
heating the troposphere
radiation, conduction and convection work together to heat troposphere
sun's radiation heat earth
air near earth's surface= warmed by radiation and conduction
heat is transferred by convection
convection currents are upward movement of warm air and downward movement of cool air