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Shock (Links (Cardiogenic shock | Circulatory System and Disease | NCLEX…
Shock
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Types of Shock
Hypovolemic
is caused when there is a lack of blood volume in the body, which can be caused by blood loss or the loss of fluids, such as diarrhea and vomiting.
Cardiogenic
results in a decrease in cardiac output which causes the activation of the Reticular Activation system which increases volume and preload. This type of shock also causes the periphery to shut down.
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Stages of Shock
Compensated
increase in vasoconstriction, blood pressure may be normal or slightly elevated, cardiac output and respiratory rate and volume will increase, there will be a decrease in urine output and blood flow to major organs will increase
Uncompensated
blood pressure will begin to fall, the patients LOC will change (confusion, fatigued, anxiety, etc), and their pulse will become weak and thready
Irreversible
results in cell death, blood pressure continues to drop, patient is unconscious, heart rate drops, and death is expected even with resuscitation
Treatments
Hypovolemic: fluid replacement for dehydration, volume replacement in cases where large amount of blood were lost, surgery, critical care support and post-op rehabilitation
Obstructive: make sure ABCs are adequate, chest tube, needle thoracostomy to remove air from the chest cavity, removal of the fluid in the pericardial sac, thrombolytics, or any method that will remove the obtruction
Cardiogenic: the goal is to improve the hearts ability to pump. so fluid replacement and drugs. If the shock is due to ischemia or an MI then support for the circulatory system and aid in reperfusion.
Distributive
Sepsis: metabolic acid-base correction, managing hypovolemia (if it is present), give fluids, aid in respirations, increase cardiac output by administering drugs that will cause the constriction of blood vessels,
Anaphylactic: administer epinephrine, airway management, bronchodilators, and replacement of fluid
Neurogenic: monitor lungs sounds for any signs of congestion, avoid giving fluids too quickly as it may cause circulatory overload, and in some cases you may need to use vasopressors (causes the constriction of blood vessels)
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My Paragraph:The mind map I created is broken down into different categories, which is helpful for me when I want to learn about a specific topic. Each category is further broken down into other smaller ones. I found it to be helpful in that it was a more organized way of viewing the information provided but also having the links to refer to is also great, since it breaks down each type of shock. The information that was provided in the slideshow is what I used since information online can become either confusing or “jumbled” in its wording and it was also easy for me to understand. Creating the mind map was helpful for me, I liked to learn visually and by doing things hands-on, which is why reading doesn’t always go over well in the learning area for me.