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Human Carbon capture/sequestration/fixation Strategies (Carbon Dioxide…
Human Carbon capture/sequestration/fixation Strategies
BIOTECHNOLOGY
REFORESTATION & BIOMASS PRODUCTION
Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies(CCT)
(4) Absorption using alkaline solutions
(5) Absorption using zeolite, active carbon and metal organic frameworks (MOFs)
(2) Mineral carbonation using natural ores and/or solid wastes
(3) Selective membranes
Inorganic Silica membranes selectively separate CO2 from CH4
Zeolite membranes
Thin-film composite polymer membranes
(6) Cryogenic
(1) High temperature solid looping processes (e.g., calcium looping, chemical looping)
(7) Ionic liquids
(8) Biological (e.g., microalgae and enzime-based processes - carbonic anhydrase)
CARBON CAPTURE TECHNOLOGIES IN POWER PLANTS
Post-Combustion Carbon Capture
Amine-based systems. Amines react with CO2 to form water soluble compounds.
Carbonate-based systems. A soluble carbonate reacts with CO2 to form a bicarbonate, which when heated reverts back to carbonate releasing CO2.
Acqueous Ammonia. Ammonia and its derivatives react with CO2.
Membranes. Used along with amine treatment. Flow of air passes first through membranes to eliminate impurities.
Inorganic membranes of silica. Separate selectively CO2 from CH4 (e.g., Zeolite membranes, thin-film composite polymer membranes)
CO2 capture sorbents. Solids can react with CO2 to form stable compounds. Reversible reaction. (e.g., amine-enriched sorbent, sodium carbonate + CO2 + Water -> Sodium bicarbonate)
Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs). They absorb CO2 with high storage capacity. There are over 600 MOFs.
Enzyme-based systems. (e.g., carbonic anydrase can be used to capture 90% CO2 in a hollow fiber contained liquid membrane - Carbozyme)
Ionic Liquids. They can dissolve gaseous CO2 and are stable at high temperature.
Oxycombustion Carbon Capture
It is a modified combustion process by which the flue gas has higher [CO2], which then makes separation easier.