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motion (corrolary discharge theory (CDS : splits off from MS : brain…
motion
corrolary discharge theory
CDS : splits off from MS : brain signal to move eyes
reach comparators : relay info -> brain abt eye movement
motor signals(MS) : from motor area -> eye muscle
IDS :stimulus displaced across retina
signal "corollary discharge"-> eye movement + same retinal image
both CDS+ IDS ->comparator : no motion perceived
Gibson: ecological approach :Optic array
optic flow : move through environment -> moving
focus of expansion : when we gaze at -> stable
outlow : approaching >< inflow : retreat
gradient flow : object near -> seems moving faster than close ones
structure created = surface, texture, conture of environment
physiological approach
apature problem : view a part ->misleading info abt direction of stimulus
corresponding problem : know feature in frame 1 = those in framw 2
proximity in time : how Object in 1 move to 2?
proximity in space : how long did that take?
apparent movement : dots flashed simultaneously --> illusory movement
brain area
info from retina -> LGN -> V1 ->V5
Extrastriate body area (EBA)
fusiform face area ( FFA)
Smooth persuit
superior colliculus -> info from ganglion cells
micosaccades: try to keep eyes still but still : small jerks
keep image in same location in retina w eye movement
other types of eye movements
saccade
fast jump ->shift fixation
reflexive
compensate head movement
vergence
outward movement- convergence, inward- divergence vergence
Reichardt's model
cell in brain receives input from A and B
input from A delayed
brain recieves inputs from both A, B (same time)->cell fire
Outflow theory ( hermann von Helmnotz)
Brain signal -> eye movement + to visual system: eye is moving
opposite: inflow theory :(Sherrington ) : eye send signal-> brain
motion aftereffect
waterfall illusion : view movement -> see stable thing move ( illusory )
tau : estimate distance + speed --> time to collision
induced motion : larger one moves --> smaller one : seems to move ( illusory )