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HIV (Opportunistic Diseases (Viral: CMV, herpes, ulcers, eso/bronchitis,…
HIV
Opportunistic Diseases
Viral: CMV, herpes, ulcers, eso/bronchitis, encephalopathy
shingels, TB, flu, pneumocytis jiroveci (PCP)
Fungal: candidiasis
Hepatitis B/C
cervical, KS, lymphoma cancer
Incidences
semen/breast milk/vaginal secretions
NOT by: hugging, dry kiss, hand shacking, utensils, toilet seat, tears, saliva, urine, emesis, feces, res. droplets
blood (IV/transfusion, prenatal)
Diagnostics
Labs
Viral Load: number or undetected
Note: does not mean he does not have it
Anemia: ART, progression
T-cells <800
neutropenia: <1500/microL lymphopenia<1000/μL
Liver functions: ARTS, Hepatitis, progression
Thrombocytopenia: HIV, drugs, antiplatelet
HIV antibody test
Rapid antibody test
Highly acurate, 20min result, if (-) do risk assessment
EIA enzyme immunoassay
3wk, 6wk, 3mo; if (+) do again then western blot;
Western blot and IFA best tests
Be aware: takes weeks for body to make antibodies (window period)
Check for Genes with Drugs
phenotype assay: HIV growth vs meds
genotype assay: viral mutations/resistance to drug
Symptoms
Chronic infection
Asymptomatic
fatigue, HA, mild fever, night sweats, PGL (persistant gen. lymph)
Symptomatic
worsened symptoms/Diseases
AIDS: one of the following
CD4 T cell <200 cells/microL
OI or Cancer
Wasting syndrome or AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC)
Acute Infection
rash after seroconversion (HIV antibodies occur)
meningitis, neuropathy, facial palsy, guillain-Barre
F, swollen nodes, sore throat, HA,D, N, malaise, muscle/joint pain
onset: 2-4 weeks; Duration: 13wks/months;
High Viral load/ Low CD4 T cell (fast normalize)