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Lecture 1: Intro to plants (Seed Germination (Hypogeal germination (Seed…
Lecture 1: Intro to plants
Plant Kingdom
Non- vascular plants
Bryophytes (Mosses)
Vascular plants
Reproduce by spores
Pteridophytes (Ferns)
Reproduce by seeds
Non- flowering (By cones)
Gymnosperms (Conifers)
Flowering plants
Angiosperms (Flowering plants)
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Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons
Angiosperms
Monocotyledons (Monocots)
One cotyledons in seeds
Mostly herbaceous
No secondary growth
Parallel leaf venation
Stem branching uncommon
Fibrous root system
Petals (Multiples of 3)
Dicotyledons (Dicots)
Two cotyledons in seeds
Herbaceous and woody
Have secondary growth
Reticulate/ net leaf venation
Stem branching common
Tap root system
Petals (Multiples of 4 or 5)
Seed Germination
Epigeal germination
Seed cotyledon above ground
Greater elongation in hypogeal
Terminal part of hypogeal is curved to protect the plumule from friction of the soil
Occurs mostly in dicots
Hypogeal germination
Seed cotyledon underground
Greater elongation of epicotyl
Terminal part of epicotyl is curved to protect the plumule from friction of the soil
Cotyledon is not photosynthetic
Energy growth primarily derived from endosperm
Diagram of both
germination