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5.3 Biodiversity of Classsification (HIERARCHY OF TAXA (Domain (Eukaryota,…
5.3 Biodiversity of Classsification
TERMS USED
CLASSIFICATION
A method of organising living organisms into groups to show similarities and differences between them
TAXONOMY
Science of identifying, naming and grouping of organisms
BINOMIAL - TWO PART NAME
GENUS - indicates a group of species that are closely related and share a common ancestor
SPECIES - a group of individuals that are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring
HIERARCHY OF TAXA
Class
Order
Phylum
Family
Kingdom
Genus
Domain
Eubacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Protista
Archae
Kingdom Arcahebacteria
Species
USING DICHOTOMOUS KEYS
Function
to identify species
How?
consist pairs of observable description
2 divisons
Clearly matched
go to next correspond numbers
Clearly wrong
go to next correspond numbers
By using keys
lead to another pair of descriptions
TYPES OF CLASSIFICATIONS
NATURAL CLASSIFICATION
change of classifications
due to discovery of new information
advantages
to predict characteristics
to identify evolutionary relationships
to give each species a unique & universal name
involves
grouping organisms based on similarities first and then identifying shared characteristics
ARTIFICIAL CLASSIFICATION
advantage
easy to develop and relatively stable
disadvantage
evolutionary relationships are not generally shown
involves
arbitrarily selecting unifying characteristics first and then grouping organisms accordingly