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Population and resources (How and why does the number and rate of growth…
Population and resources
How and why does the number and rate of growth of population vary over time and space
Early humankind: growth and diffusion
first appeared in Africa around 5 million yrs ago
homo sapiens roamed further than any other humaoid species
estimated global population of around 125000 1 million yrs ago
during the neolithic revolution where farming arose population remained low at 5 mil
population growth then grew exponentially as a result of technological advancements causing an increase in carrying capacity
Demographic transition:how the rate of growth changes over time
broad generalisations can be made about the population growth from the 1700s onwards. Illustrated by the demographic transition model.
CARRYING CAPACITY: the number of people who can be adequately supported by the productive capacity of the land.
demographic transition model
stage 1: isolated tribes such as the ones in New Guinea and the Amazon Basin.
Stage 2: the poorest developing countries such as Bangladesh, Niger, Bolivia
Stage 3: developing countries such as Brazil and India.
Stage 4: NICs are found in stage four with the likes of S Korea and Taiwan recently moving into this stage
Stage 5: Most of europe
Key terms
Crude birth rate: number of births per 1000 population in a given year. Doesn't take into consideration the age and sex of the population
Crude Death rate: deaths per 1000. heavily influenced by the age structure of the population
Infant Mortality rate: the number of deaths of infants under 1yrs old per 1000 live births in a given year.
Life Expectancy (at birth): the average number of years a person may expect to live when born, assuming past trends continue.
Rate of Natural Change: the difference between the birth rate and death rate.
Recent Demographic Change and Forecasts
