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Computer Components (Motherboard (Motherboard, Graphics Card, Sound Card,…
Computer Components
Motherboard
Motherboard
Graphics Card
Sound Card
Specialised Cards
Connected to the motherboard are small circuit boards called cards. These are specialised for different uses, such as a network card, sound card, video card and graphics card.
Expansion cards can be connected using PCL (peripheral connection interconnect) or ISA (industry standard architecture) slots.
CPU
CPU
CPU BACK
CPU heat sync and cooling Fan
Role:
• Processes the instructions
• Pulls data in various ports, directs, stores
• performs calculations
• Sends the processing results to a VDU screen, printer, or a secondary storage device.
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Components:
- Transistors (switches turns on and off) 45nm approx 800,000,000 per processor
- Control Unit
- ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
Speed/ Size:
- measured in Clock Speed in MHz or GHz (GigaHertz), 1GHz = 1,000MHz
- "Dual Core" or "Quad Core" is the amount of processing units used in one processor
- brain of operating system
RAM
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Writing data to RAM is faster process than ROM as it has high speed memory. RAM allows reading and Writing as compared to ROM which only allows reading (temporary).RAM can improve computer performance and is measured in GBz. RAM stores data (OS, applications, user data) that can be accessed randomly and is located close to CPU. However, RAM is volatile so any
ROM
ROM is non-volatile which means that the information stored will still be there when computer is turned off. This is used primarily for booting up the computer system. ROM stores instructions and small programs for eg BIOS. ROM is measured in KBz or MBz
Cables
Power Unit Cables
Sata Cables
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Ports
There on many different ports in a computer system such as parallel, USB, and serial. Devices such as modems use serial ports as these are slower but more reliable for use with longer distances. It will handle only one piece of information at a time but requires one line.
A faster port is parallel as the information can run along series of lines parallel. These can be used for getting fast responses across a short distance.
USB ports can connect external devices into the computer such as a memory pen for external memory, these are very fast and simple to configure.