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Functions of 2 hormones in human behaviour (8) (ADRENALINE (Aim: test the…
Functions of 2 hormones in human behaviour (8)
INTRODUCTION
hormones have widespread effects on human physiology, psychology + thus, human behaviour
the BLA states that all cognitions, emotions and behaviours have a physiological basis
2 hormones: adrenaline + testosterone
TESTOSTERONE
1.
control group = castrated
2.
castrated + own testes reattached
3 conditions
3.
castrated + another's testes reattached
Method:
quasi experiment
Outcome:
group
1
displayed different behaviour to groups
2
+
3
Aim:
test effects of testosterone, by castrating roosters
1
= less masculine + aggressive
Conclusion:
autopsy revealed nerve connections WEREN'T re-established in
2
+
3
Berthed concluded the production of biochemicals influenced aggressive + dominant behaviour
Berthold (1849)
CONCLUSION
behaviour feeds back to affect hormones
hormone-behaviour relationships = complex
hormones affect behaviour
not appropriate to say hormones
cause
a behaviour
indicates bi-directional relationship exists between hormones + behaviour
instead, hormones
change the probability
of a particular behaviour being displayed
Thus, hormones influence behaviour
although BLA states animal research can be used, always a conceptual jump to go from animal studies to humans.
ADRENALINE
Aim:
test the two factor theory of emotion (that emotion arises from combination of arousal + cognition using adrenaline)
Schachter + Singer (1962)
helps an organism deal with external threat
Method:
184 male pp's told they were being injected with suproxin to test its effect on vision
secreted in the adrenal glands
hormone known for the 'flight or fight' reaction + arousal
can increase flow of oxygen to the brain
4 groups
1,2 + 3 received actually received adrenaline injection
increases alertness + thought to create emotion
group 4 received a placebo
2 conditions
1.
euphoria - pp encouraged to play games in the waiting room
2.
anger - pp completed questionnaire beside an increasingly angered confederate
researchers monitored the pp's changes in emotions
Results:
pp's in control condition showed no change in behaviour/arousal