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History and Government (New Nations (Exporting Products (Latin American…
History and Government
New Nations
Exporting Products
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Latin America's economy depended on agriculture and mining. At this time, the US and other industrial countries in Europe began demanding more of Latin America's food products and mineral resources.
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Modern times
Dissatisfied political and social groups in some countries rebelled against leaders who ruled ruthlessly or were in power too long.
Castro set up a communist state, in which the government troops armed by the US.
In the mid 1900s, agriculture was still important in Latin America but many industries had developed there as well.
Spanish's fight for freeom increased in the next decade. In Mexico, two Catholic priests urged poorer Mexicans to fight for freedom from Spanish rule./
A soldier named Jose de San Martin began winning battles. A few years later, the armies of San Martin and Bolivar jointly defeated Spanish forces in Peru.
Latin Americas first sucessful revolt against European rule took place in Haiti, a territory located on the Caribean island.
Early History
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Toltec, Aztec, and Inca
Toltec
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They held a monopoly, or stole right, to the trade in obsidian.
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Aztec
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Tenochtitlan, the Aztec Capital, held about 250,000 people , which was a large population at that time. They also own huge temples.
Around A.D. 1200, the Aztec people from north moved into central Mexico and Captured Tula.
Inca
During the 1400's, the Inca had a powerful civilization in South America in what is now Peru.
Their empire streched more than 2,500 miles along the Andes.
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European Conquests
Hernan Cortes
In 1519, he landed on Mexico's gulf coast to try and steal gold that they heard was in Tenochtitlan
The Aztec 's simple weapons were no match for the guns, cannons, and horses of the Spanish.
The Spanish also had the help of unknown allies- germs that carried diseases, such as measles and smallpox.
Francisco Pizarro
In 1532, he took a small group of Spanish soildiers to South America
He Captured the Inca ruler and had him killed. The Inca had already been weakened by smallpox and other European diseases.
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Colonial Latin America
Spain built an Empire that included much of South America, the Caribean, middle america, and parts of the president-day United States.
Europeans settled the land, set up colonial governments, and spread Christianity among Native Americans.
When hardship and disease greatly reduced the numbers of Native Americans, Europeans brought enslaved Africans to meet the labor shortage.