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History and Government of Latin America (Europeans (Hernan Cortes (Led a…
History and Government of Latin America
Olmec
Built Latin America's first civilization.
All depend on eachother
Farming and Weapons
The grew maize, or corn, as well as squash and beans.
They controlled resources such as jade and obsidian
Inca
Is now Peru
Their empire stretched more than 2,500 miles along the Andes
Built irrigation systems, roads, and suspension bridges
Was weakened by small pox and other diseases
Attacked by Pizarro and their ruler was killed
Aztec
Diseases killed people
Tenochtitlan
250,000 people
Grew crops on "floating gardens"
Some Native Americans who opposed the harsh rule of the Aztec joined forces with the Spanish.
Toltec
Replaced Maya
Monopoly and Weapons
Controlled trade
Is now Northern Mexico
Had the most powerful weapons
Maya
Mexico's Yuctan Pennisula
Astronomy, Hieroglyphics, and Stone Temples
Northwest of present-day Mexico City
They had a number system based on 20
Recorded the history of their kings
Mysteriously collapsed
Europeans
Spanish explorers arrived in the Americas (late 1400's and early 1500's)
Greatly changed
Settled the land
Set up Colonial governments
spread Christianity
Used Native American Workers to grow cash crops
Brought enslaved Africans to meet the labor shortage
Hernan Cortes
Led a Spanish Army to land in Mexico's Gulf Coast
Francisco Pizarro
Pizarro desired the gold and silver, he started a fight which led to him killing the Inca's ruler and destroying their land with cannons and swords.
Independence
Mexicans got independence in 1823