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Ecology of the Family (Family Transitions (Stepfamilies (Highest problems…

- - - - husband, wife, their children
        
        Binuclear family - children are part of 2 homes due to divorce
    - - born into
    - - develops when one marries and has children
    - - relatives of nuclear family
        
        economically and emotionally dependent
    - - mother is dominant authority
    - - father is dominant authority
    - - both sides of extended family equal
    - - Friends, neighbors/Professionals or government
- - - - No-fault
    - - Reduction in resources
        
        Money to support physical well-being
        
        Changes in consumption & housing
      - New roles/responsibilities
        
        Decision making power allocated
        
        Household chores
      - New patterns of interaction
        
        Caring and involvement/emotional well-being
        
        Emotional support diminished for parents
      - Reorganization of routines
        
        Child rearing must continue
      - Introduction of new relationships
    - - School Age
        
        Self-blame
        
        Heightened anxiety/aggression
        
        Sadness, fear, feelings of deprivation & some anger
        
        Difficulty focusing attention
        
        More dependent, aggressive, whiny, demanding, unaffectionate, and disobedient
      - Adolescence
        
        Less self-blame
        
        Resentment
        
        Often pawns
        
        Burdened by painful memories
    - - Unrealistic expectations for future mates
  - - - Uniform Parentage Act
  - - - Instant love
      - Abandonment
    - - birth-order hierarchy shifts
      - compete for attention
      - new rules
  - - - Fear of abandonment
      - Painful reminders at birthday
      - Need to grieve for perceived loss
      - Dealing with unknown
      - Fantasies about birth parents
  - - - Related to risky adolescent behavior
- - - - Different values
      - Communication styles
      - Perceptions of gender roles
      - Parenting
      - Individualistic/Collectivist
- - - - WAR
      - Terrorism
    - - Parental responsibility
    - - Immigrant children/fastest growing segment in US
- - - - Upper Class
      - Middle Class
      - Lower Class
      - Underclass Children
      - SES exerts more influence on socialization than does race
    - - Social Selection
        
        Genes, personality, & physical traits
      - Social Causation
        
        Family Stress Model
        
        Economic difficulties
        
        Extended Investment Model
        
        Upper class resources
      - Operational Definition
        
        Material
        
        Economic Resources/Financial/Education for Children
        
        Human capital
        
        Knowledge & Skills/Education of Parents
        
        Social capital
        
        Connections in social network
    - - Family lineage, gender, birth order, skin color
        
        Mostly traditional societies
        
        More difficult for people to change their rank
        
        Roles set in tradition
        
        Achievements can change a person's ranking
    - - Education, occupation, income, place of residence
        
        Mostly modern societies
  - - - Low context
        
        Communal, cooperative, close, intimate, informal
        
        Collectivism
    - - High context
        
        Associative, practical, objective, formal
        
        Individualism
  - - - Individualism, thrift, self-sacrifice, efficiency, personal responsibility, productivity
        
        FAMILY WORK
        
        Build relationships/Family ties
        
        Patriotism
        
        Religion
        
        Viewed as a commandment
        
        Viewed as blessing
        
        Viewed as service
        
        Invisible Household Production
        
        Transforms lives
        
        Forges strong families
        
        Build strong communities
        
        Includes childbearing