Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter No. 3 The Three states of Mater (Gases) (Gas Laws (Boyle's…
Chapter No. 3
The Three states of Mater
(Gases)
Gas:
Gas is a substance, which under normal conditions have
neither a fixed volume and nor a fixed shape.
The kinetic molecular theory of Gasses
the physical behavior of gases described by a theory 'kinetic molecular theory'
1- All gases consist of
atoms or discrete particles
.
2- The size of molecule is very small as compared to the distance between them.
3-Constant random motion
4- no attractive forces between the molecules
5- Pressure: result of the collision of molecules with container.
6- collision between molecules is perfectly elastic.
7-
Average speed and average kinetic energy of gas molecules are directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature
.
Pressure:*
fore per unit area* P = F/A
Compressibility and Expansion
Gases can be compressed by increasing pressure, expand by decreasing pressure.
Effect of Tempreture and Pressure
Gases expand on heating, and contract on cooling.
Gas Laws
Boyle's Law/ Pressure-volume-law
If temperature is constant, volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the temperature.
V 1/P
Charle's Law / The Temperature-volume-law
If pressure is constant, volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute tempreture.
V T
Gay-Lussac's Law: The Pressure Temperature Law
If volume is constant, Pressure is directly proportional to the temperature. P/T = C
Avogadro:
when temperature and pressure are constant, If the amount of gas in a container is increased, the volume increases. If the amount of gas in a container is decreased, the volume decreases. V/n =C
Dalton's Law of partial pressure
:
if two or more gases are enclosed in a container, and they don't chemically react. Then the total pressure exerted by the gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of individual gases.
P = p1 + p2 + p3 +....
Ideal Gas
:
Ideal gas is one whose behavior can be predicted on the basis of kinetic molecular theory.
- on High-pressure and low-temperature gases deviates from their behavior.
- Molar Volume
: one mole of any gas at S.T.P occupies 22.4 cm3.
The volume of gases compared under
N.T.P(Natural conditions for Temp and Pressure)
or
S.T.P ( Standard Condition of temp & pressure)