Migração cada vez maior de população rural para a cidade

Imitação e importação de soluções, políticas, paradigmas europeus/ocidentais não aptos para a realidade oriental

Desenho das cidades não esta preparado para a avalanche de pessoas e não consegue adaptar-se em tempo real

Crescem mais rapidamente do que o dimensionamento das infra-estruturas existentes

Tecido urbano fragmentado e desestrurado

Sobrecargas ambientais (uso intensivo e continuado de forma insustentavel de energia, terra e agua)

Planeamento habitacional deficiente com ineficácia de servicos básicos

Taxas de crescimento urbano entre 01,27% e 2,74% anuais (2009-2025) (Caderno de 2009 nações unidas)

Escassez de regulamentação sobre o planeamento da cidade e inadequação de leis de construção

The Western/Northern modernity and its peak during the period between-wars was continuously copied-pasted, trying to adapting it to lower latitudes of the southern hemisphere since the second half of the Twentieth century. Ignoring the opposite starting conditions of the urban south, its different pre-existences, local traditions, cultural dimension, possible well-thought solutions and approaches where totally ignored for the urban south, choosing instead in most of the cases to stretch and scale a process of modernization created by different means, worsening already difficult situations and leading to giant failures.

Lack of linearity, regularity and continuity have their spatial consequences in a scenario in which urban fragment is the minimal urban unit. Urbanism today should look for a vision that integrates the fragment/smaller urban unit to a broader notion of space and territory in a multidisciplinary "holistic" approach of space (Shannon, Loecks and Demeulder 2010, Secchi 2012)

Contemporary process of making, thinking, developing , producing the city and its space was led in very different ways in each area of the world and city

Whenever dealing with economic development and urbanization of Southern Countries and their fast-urbanized cities, it's essential to look closer to the processes involved in their growth and reproduction, the consequent spatial impact (ossia urban morphology), the demographic shifts (as migration and its consequences in the expanding of informality)

"Even if all places adopt the same approach, not all gain from it" (Sheppard 2010); There cannot be a single path for development, the economic development of "rich countries", applied to "non-rich" ones leads to a global ecosystem breakdown , calling for new political approaches of a new development conception for all in order to preserve the ecological balance and respect cultural identity

High levels of accumulation and consumption of a privileged minority at the expense of natural resources and cultural homogenization

Informality: in the context of Southern city modernization and capitalistic development it happens within the scope of the state that allows it when there is no offer of alternatives, it's legitimized as a spatial mode of production and is not anymore related only to the urban poor but also commonly related to informal spatial privatization subdivision and addition of space even in considered formal areas . It's a spatial modus operandi related to democracy, governance and dualities of Global South (Davis 2010)

Spatial informality is directly linked with rural urban migration and the lack of sufficient affordable housing provision (either by the state and the private sector) that led to the vicious cycle of illegal occupation