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MEMORY ch.4 (RAM pg. 73
Random Access Memory (Single Channel, dual…
MEMORY ch.4
ROM pg.64
Read Only Memory
- ROM stores info that you need to boot
- ROM chip has contact leads on all four sides and is removeable
:Star: EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory) - is a commonly used device used that can rewrite the info stored on the chip with a thing called flashing.
FIRMWARE
Firmware is stored in the same memory location so your computer knows where its at at startup.
⚠ YOU CAN FIND FIRMWARE UPDATES ON THE MANUFACTURERS' WEBSITE ⚠
BIOS pg.65
Basic Input Output System
-You cannot use a mouse in BIOS
-If you update firmware you have to update the BIOS
-BIOS maintains the motherboard settings and CMOS (date/time) setup
-BIOS knows the boot setup of the OS
-BIOS is used for the following-
- resolve an OS boot problem
- fix a disk drive issue
- enable or disable power saving/security features
- monitor the health of your computer
⚠If you forget your BIOS/UEFI password, you can restore it to manf. settings by using a JUMPER on the motherboard
⚠You may also reset the BIOS/UEFI by removing the CMOS battery. (you will have to reset the date/time afterwords)
COMPONENT INFORMATION
This includes -
- Processor info
- memory info
- editable date and time
BOOT SEQUENCE
- If you prefer the computer to check if you have a cd in first you can make it check that before looking at your USB devices
ENABLING & DISABLING DEVICES
- You can enable or disable USB ports for security purposes here
POWER MANAGEMENT
⚠You should disable disable all power management features in BIOS/UEFI if you are using Windows or and OS with its own power mngt. settings
SECURITY
Protect you BIOS/UEFI
- create a PASSWORD for BIOS/UEFI so that others cannot mess up your BIOS settings
- Hard drive encryption- you can encrypt the data on a hard drive with a password here
- TPM (trusted platform module) has to be activated to be used
- Lojack- can track a system if it is stolen
- ⚠ Lojack is 3rd party app. provided by Absolute Software Corporation
HARDWARE MONITORING
Temperature / Fan Speed / Voltages / Clock/Bus Speed / Intrusion Detection / Built-in Diagnostic Tools / Start up Test / Hard Disk Test / Memory Test / Battery Test
UEFI
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
-Predecessor of BIOS
-Provides better security to prevent bootkit attacks
-Bootkit or rootkit attacks are virus' that embed themselves to react BEFORE the OS starts up
CMOS
:warning: * This battery provides continuous power to the firmware chip to maintain the BIOS/UEFI settings even when the computer is turned off.
DDR pg. 75
Double Data Rate memory
- based on the SDRAM (Sychronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) technology.
- uses rising and falling edge of the clock signal to send data
✅ remeber the various DDR versions by the 'notches' on the module.
- The main differences between the DDR versions are the transfer rate and max. capacity per memory module.
💥DDR IS A TYPE OF DIMM 💥 # #
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DDR3
- :star:most commonly used DDR
- has 240 pins
DDR4
- DDR4 has a curved contact edge designed to help prevent damage to the module during instillation
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