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Parenting (Parenting styles (Authoritative, Permissive, Authoritarian,…
Parenting
Parenting styles
Authoritative
Permissive
Authoritarian
Uninvolved
Macrosystem Influences
Political Ideology
Religious influence
National influence
Ethnic influence.
Progressive influence
Socioeconomic Status
Parental Occupation
Culture, Ethnicity, and Religion
Similarities in parenting
Ensure physical health and survival
Develop behavioral
capacities for economic
self-maintenance
Instill behavioral capacities for
maximizing cultural values,
such as morality, prestige,
and achievement
Diversity in Parenting
Cooperative/interdependent
(Collective) Orientation
Relationships
Authority role
Communication
Displays of emotion
Discipline/Guidance
Skills emphasis
Competitive/independent
(Individualistic) Orientation
Communication
Discipline/Guidance
Relationships
Displays of emotion
Authority role
Skills emphasis
Microsystem Influences
Parent Child Interaction
Attachment
Insecure
Secure
Self-regulation and Prosocial Behavior
Socioemotional and Cognitive Competence
Avoidance of restriction and punishment
Organization of the physical and temporal environment
Emotional and verbal responsiveness
Provision of appropriate play materials
Parental interaction with the child
Opportunities for variety in daily stimulation
Family Dynamics and Changes over Time
Children’s Characteristics
Age and Cognitive Development
Temperament
Easy
Difficult
Slow to Warm up
Gender
Presence of a Disability
Family Characteristics
Size
Configuration
Spacing
Gender of siblings
Parents’ Life stage
Marital Quality
Parental ability to Cope with stress
Parenting Practices
Appropriate
Developmental appropriateness
Inappropriate
Child maltreatment: abuse and neglect
Physical abuse
Sexual abuse
Psychological or emotional abuse
Causes and Consequences of Child maltreatment
The Family and maltreatment
The Child and maltreatment
The Community and maltreatment
Chronosystem
Influences
on Parenting
Historical trends
Eighteenth Century
Strict Discipline.
Tradition and religion influenced
child-rearing practices
Adult Centered Parenting
Nineteenth Century
Child Centered Parenting
Individual needs and welfare of the child
Early Twentieth Century
Conditioning
Rewards and Punishment
Middle Twentieth Century
Self-regulation by the child rather than strict scheduling by the parents
Understanding of children
Late Twentieth Century
Flexibility
Importance of children feeling loved
Recognize individual differences,
Mesosystem Influences