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Schizophrenia (Pathophysiology (Dopamine hypothesis = overactivation of D2…
Schizophrenia
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Symptoms
Positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms
Positive = hallucinations, delusions, agitations, disorganised thinking
Negative = introversion, apathy, low self-esteem
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- Paranoid
- Disorganised
- Catatonic
- Undifferentiated
- Residual
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Diagnosis
DSM IV:
2 or more of the following (each present for a significant portion during a 1-month period)
a) delusions
b) hallucinations
c) disorganised speech
d) disorganised or catatonic behaviour
e) negative symptoms
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15O-H2O PET imaging show = Differences in regional blood flow: decrease in prefrontal cortex and increase in thalamus and cerebellum
Risk Factors
Genetics; twins
DISC1, BDNF, COMT, dysbindin etc
Gestational period (winter months, during epidemic)
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Prognosis
Kraepelinian dichotomy = prominent temporal sulcal markings with enlarge temporal horn = poor prognosis
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