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Sex steroids (Steroids hormones (Sex hormones (Progesterone (Embryogenesis…
Sex steroids
Steroids hormones
Sex hormones
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Androgens
testosterone, dihydro-, androstenedione
Testosterone:
- Male sexual characteristics
- mood, sex drive
- Bone formation (increase)
- Metabolism (increase muscle mass)
- Erthropoiesis
-
-
-
Estrogen
- Female primary and secondary sexual characteristics: breast tissue, growth and diff of sexual organs, uterine epithelial cell prolif
- Energy homeostasis metabolism
- Prevent bone loss
- Vasoprotection
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-
Hypothalamus
- GnRH
- Anterior pituitary
- Gonadotrophins:
FSH, LH
- Gonads
- increase steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)
-
Anterior pituitary
-
LH
Leydig
testosterone # (inhibits AP and H)
Menstruation:
- Late luteal: Prog declines
raises FSH
- Mid: foll
E2 increases
FSH falls
- Mid: cyc
2 days of E2
Positive feedback
LH Surge
- Mid luteal
High progesterone
Low FSH/LH
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Breakdown
Liver
-
converts lipohillic molecules to water soluble steroid suplhates and glucuronides
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Sex hormones lipophillic: weakly water soluble ,specialized transport used
- Orosomucoid: progesterone
- SHBG: test, estradiol
- CBG: corticosteroids
- Albumin: All steroids (low binding affinity, high binding capacity