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The Mismatched Worker: When People Don't Fit Their Jobs (Consequences,…
The Mismatched Worker: When People Don't Fit Their Jobs
Imbalances between today's workforce/workplace and institutions that govern them
Mismatches - trying to find right fit
Mismatches result from:
Jobs are affected by relation to work place
Jobs differ in gratification they provide employees
People vary in what they value from jobs
Challenge or security
Economic rewards
People are unable to satisfy their needs or preferences
Skills and Qualifications
Overqualification
Skills exceed skills required for job
increase with increased college graduates
Frequent - happens with internal ladders
to get to Z, must start at X
Underqualification
Skills are not adequate for job duties
appears with older workers
declined over time (high school diploma)
Geographic or spatial location
Geographic boundaries prevent people from obtaining jobs that match qualifications or needs
Jobs move from one area to another
Cities v. suburbs
Jobs have gone to suburbs leaving minority resident in hollow city
Temporality and time preferences
Overworking
Person works more hours than s/he wants
Typically associated with high level jobs
Also associated with work intensity
If people
feel
overworked
Temporal mismatch - those that work non traditional hours
Underworking
Not working enough hours to meet needs
Leads to economic hardship - "working poor"
Inadequate Earnings
People feel they are unable to earn enough money to meet their needs
Also jobs that do not provide benefits such as health insurance
Characteristics of group
over half women
disproportionately white
Service occupations
Conflicts between work and family lives
When people's jobs conflict with their personal life
Time based
Time needed to perform work duties negatively affects ability to fulfill their duties in home life
Strain based
Stress at work affects performance in another role
Behavior based
Contradictions of demands - aggressive at work, nurturing at home
Mismatches are contextual
Person's skills and preferences must be looked at in relation to benefits and requirements of job
Cultural mismatches
France v. US in terms of work hours
Needs are subjective of worker
Mismatches are not siloed
One may cause others
'Trailing spouses'' example
Some may occur because of similar situations
Labor supply and employment demand
Some are mutually exclusive
desire for higher job, but want less hours
Consequences
Dissatisfaction of workers with job
Encourages finding a new job
High stress of employees
Underutilization of work force
Leads to wasted resources
Workers don't put in best effort
Reducing mismatches
Better sorting of workers through searches
Social policies
Creating better jobs
Encourage more middle class jobs
Building safety nets to project people
protect people from mismatch consequences