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infectious disease (aflatoxicosis (toxic effects (mutagenesis, decreased…
infectious disease
aflatoxicosis
grow on peanuts, cottonseed, soybeans, sorghum, corn at high temperature >25
main species affected: poultry, pigs, cattle, sheep, dog
caused by asperiullus flavus, parasiticus
mainly growing poultry and piglets and pregnant sows, and calves
adult cows and sheep, goats are more resistant
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can be excreted in milk, concern for human
associated with respiratory infections, immune system suppression
pathogenesis: metabolized into epoxide, binds to macromolecules such as nucleic acids and nucleoproteins
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fumonisin toxicity
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produced by fusarium moniliforme, poliferatum
species affected: equids, pigs, cattles, sheep, poultry
caused by fumonisin toxin b1, b2, b3
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non infectious toxin
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- fusarium moniliforme/proliferatum
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- aspergillus flavus/parasiticus
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ergotism
cause sporadic outbreaks in cattle, sheep,pigs, poultry
signs in cattle and sheep: lameness, wounds, sloughing of tissue affecting extremites caused by thrombosis in cold
affects rye, other small grains like cereals
signs in pigs: reduced feed intake, weight gain, agalactia = no milk
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ingestion of sclerotia, vegetative form of fungus, resistant to environment of claviceps prupurea
mold growth
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most favored at high temperatures, some grow at freezing temperatures too
detection of disease
physical exam
temperature, heart rate, respi rate, general physical exam
lab methods
- direct detection of agents
visualization: naked eye, microscope
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nucleic acid: PCR, RT-PCR, sequencing
- indirect detection of agents
indirect immunofluoscence, indirect ELISA
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modes of transmission
horizontal
direct contact: touching, licking, sexual
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vertical
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after partuition/ colostrum, milk
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