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Categorical Propositions (Quality, Quantity, and Distribution (A, E, I, O,…

- - - - The proposition asserts that either all or part of the class denoted by the Subject Term is included in or excluded from the class denoted by the Predicate Term.
      - Four types of Categorical Prepositions
        
        (1) The whole subject class is included in the predicate class
        
        (3) Part of the subject class is included in the predicate class
        
        (2) The whole subject class is excluded from the predicate class
        
        (4) Part og the subject class is excluded from the predicate class
      - Standard-form categorical preposition: A: All S are P.
        E: No S are P.
        I: Some S are P
        O: Some S are not P
      - Quantifier: "all", "no", "some"
      - Copula: "are", "are not"