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The role of two cultural dimensions on behaviour (8) (individualistic…
The role of two cultural dimensions on behaviour (8)
introduction
behaviour = conformity
individualistic culture = defined by personal characteristics
two cultural dimensions = individualism + collectivism
collectivist cultures = defined by characteristics of collective group one belongs to
cultures differ with respect to how they socialise their members to develop identities that are individually / collectively based
conclusion
but much research demonstrates that the majority of the time individualistic cultures have higher rates of compliance + collectivist have higher rates of conformity
this is reflective of their interests + desires
studies have demonstrated that collectivist culture don't always conform if they lack pre-aquintance with the group
shouldn't be concluded that these behaviours are definitive to collectivist / individualistic cultures
individualistic cultures
competitiveness + self-sufficiency high regarded
typically USA, Canada, UK
individual autonomy + self-expression valued
more likely to behave consistently with their personal choices + previous commitments
persons are viewed as unique
Petrol et al. (2007)
personal emphasised more than the social
tested hypothesis that collectivists showed lower levels of compliance than individualists
50% Asian pp's 50% American
results showed higher acceptance rate of first survey request amongst Asian's
however, higher compliance rate with second request was higher amongst US pp's than Asian
supports idea that individualist cultures comply more than collectivist
behave consistently because they act according to their personal desires
collectivist cultures
doesn't encourage individual autonomy + self-expression
emphasises achieving group harmony rather than individual achievement
self is defined by long-standing relationships + obligations
typically China, Japan
social emphasised more than personal
identity defined by group membership
Bond & Smith (1996)
meta-analysis of 133 conformity studies
results showed more conformity amongst collectivist countries than individualistic
findings = consistent with collectivist cultures
conforming promotes supportive group relationships + reduces conflicts