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How principles that define the CLA may be demonstrated in research (8)…
How principles that define the CLA may be demonstrated in research (8)
introduction
1.
humans = information processors + mental representation guide behaviour
2.
mental processes can + should be studied scientifically
3 underlying principles
3.
social + cultural factors affect cognitive processes
CLA = based on mental processes
conclusion
EWT was previously held to be extremely reliable
studies demonstrated the unreliability of memory
demonstrates importance of
mental processes can + should be studied scientifically
heightened by 2nd study - did they see broken glass
smashed condition = highest % said yes
(there was in fact no glass)
supports Bartlett (1932) = memory is active reconstructive process
'smashes' activated certain schema that influenced pp's memory of broken glass
allows further research + investigation at cognitive level of analysis
Loftus + Palmer (1974)
smashed / collided / hit / bumped / contacted
smashed = more severe sounding verb (40.8 mph)
Results:
pp's speed estimated were influenced by verb used in leading Q
asked to estimate car speed during collision
contacted = least severe (31.8 mph)
Method:
pp's shown 7 clips of various car crashes
Aim:
investigated effect of leading Q's on EWT of an event
2. mental processes can + should be studied scientifically
5 conditions - each using different verb in Q
concluded the wording of Q influenced witnesses memory of event