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European civilization in the early middle ages, 750-1000 : : (The world of…
European civilization in the early middle ages, 750-1000 : :
The world of the Carolingians
The Carolingian Intellectual Renewal
Carolingian renaissance
Scriptoria
Promotion of learning
Charlemagne and the Carolingian Empire
Pepin’s Achievement
Charlemagne’s Campaigns to Italy, Spain and Germany
Inefficiency of Governing and Its Solutions
The Fusion of Roman, Christian and Germanic Elements
Christendom
Life in the Carolingian World
Stabilization of Marriage
Nuclear family
Clerical celibacy
Catholic church's condemnation of sexual acticities
food
drunkeness
medical practice
Disintegration of the Carolingian Empire
Invasions of the Ninth and Tenth Centuries
The Invasions of Muslims, Magyars and Vikings
Two Features of Viking Society
The Emerging World of Lords and Vassal
Vassalage
Definitions of Vassalage and Vassal
Knights and their relationship with the lords
Fief-holding
Reason for the Fief-Holding
Subinfeudation
Practice of Lordship
the Manorial System
Manor and Demesne
Relationship between Lords and Serfs
The Zenith of Byzantine Civilization
The Macedonian Dynasty
Free Farmers
Trade with Western Europe
Expansion
The Slavic People of central and eastern Europe
Western Slavs
The Conversion to Christianity of the Poles, Czechs and Hungarians
Southern Slavs
Cyrillic or Slavonic Alphabet
Bulgarians’ Acceptance of Eastern Orthodoxy
Eastern Slavs
Varangians
Kiev and Rus
Assimilation of Viking Ruling Class into Slavic Society
The World of Islam
Islamic Civilization
From Umayyad to Abbasid
Problems of Succession to the Caliphate and Financial Corruption
Arabs as Heirs to Greco-Roman Culture
Preservation of the Classical Knowledge from the West
Developments in Science