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Personality: an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking,…
Personality: an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
Freud and Psychoanalysis
Free Association: a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says what comes to mind
Sigmund Freud: Father of psychoanalysis, psychologist who made the unconscious as a driving factor in behavior a popular theory
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Freud’s Theory of Psychoanalysis - Theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts
Freud’s Psychoanalysis Technique - Technique using free association, dream analysis or just conversation to treat psychological disorders by exposing and interrupting unconscious tensions.
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Freud’s Defense Mechanisms - The Ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality.
1. Regression - Retreat to a more infantile psychosexual stage, wherever ones’ psychic energy remains fixated.
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4. Rationalization - Offering self-justifying explanations that are more satisfying or safe for the ego instead of truly reflecting on the causes of one's’ behavior.
5. Displacement - Shifting your aggression or sexual desire toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person.
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7. Repression - the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings and memories from consciousness
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Neo-Freudians
Alfred Adler - Childhood and Development come as much from the community realm, or social realm, just as much as from the internal or individual realm.
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Karen Horney - Security and Temperament in Childhood triggers our desires for love and security as adults.
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Carl Jung - Went beyond Freud to say that we have both a personal conscious AND collective unconscious
Collective Unconscious - concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species history.
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Humanistic Personality Theories state that humans are mostly good, and through the correct circumstances, can become even better, happy, healthier, kinder, and more fulfilled people.
Abraham Maslow
Self-Actualization through the pyramid of needs (remember motivation and drives). Maslow believed that as the needs were met, people experienced less and less anxiety and more fulfillment. - one of the ultimate psychological needs. The need to fulfill one's own potential.
Self-concept - The big questions we have about ourselves. The answer to, who am I? Humanistic Psychologists believe that we must have the above positive circumstances to fully fulfill our potential.
Issues with Humanistic Psychology: Biological predisposition. Some people are mean no matter what. Some people are nice no matter what. These things matter, but the extent changes based on genetics and biology.
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